【正文】 the elderly pension problem has caused social economic, cultural, political, certain obstacles, how to solve the pension problem has bee the social focus on and the first thing to be solved. According to the literature reading, hangzhou in 1998 ushered in the city of LaoNianXing, relative to the national average level for 12 years in advance. Due to the traditional way of pension cannot meet the demand of aging population, pension services that occupy the home also growing in hangzhou munities, however, certain achievements have been made in, also appeared many problems, mainly including the following aspects: (1) munity home endowment service personnel professional quality is generally lower, the service consciousness weak, poor technology。 關(guān)鍵詞 杭州市 社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老 現(xiàn)狀 成因分析 對(duì)策建議 Absract 5 Abstract Along with our country39。 根據(jù)文獻(xiàn)翻閱，杭州市在 1998 年就已經(jīng)邁入了老年型的城市行列，相對(duì)于全國(guó)平均水平竟然提前了 12 年。機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老的發(fā)展歷程并不是太久，因此提供的設(shè)施不夠完善，服務(wù)不夠健全，加之老年人根深蒂固的“養(yǎng)兒防老”思想，不愿意進(jìn)養(yǎng)老院，因此機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老也不符合人們的需求。目錄 1 目 錄 目 錄 ............................................................ 1 摘 要 ............................................................ 3 Abstract............................................................ 5 第 1 章 緒論 ......................................................... 6 問(wèn)題的提出 ......................................................... 6 研究的背景與意義 .................................................... 6 ....................................................... 7 ...................................................... 8 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ..................................................... 10 ................................................. 10 ................................................. 12 研究框架和內(nèi)容 ..................................................... 13 研究方法 .......................................................... 15 第 2 章 相關(guān)概念規(guī)范與理論借鑒 ...................................... 17 相關(guān)概念規(guī)范 ...................................................... 18 及其發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ....................................... 18 ................................................... 18 ........................................................... 19 .................................................. 4 .................................................. 4 .................................................. 5 .................................................. 5 第 3 章 杭州市社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查 ................................... 6 ...................................................... 6 ...................................................... 6 ........................................................ 6 ................................................ 7 .................................................. 8 第 4 章 杭州市城市社區(qū)養(yǎng)老 面臨的問(wèn)題及成因分析 ...................... 10 ................................... 10 ............................................. 10 ............................................. 10 ................................................. 10 ................................... 11 ........................................... 11 ............................................... 11 ............................................. 27 第 5 章 國(guó)外社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)模式的成功實(shí)踐與經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒 .................... 29 ........................................... 14 ............................................. 15 目錄 2 服務(wù)模式 ............................................ 16 ............................................ 18 ........................................ 20 ................................................. 20 ..................................................... 20 ............................ 21 ........................................... 21 第 6 章 杭州城市社區(qū)開(kāi)展社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的對(duì)策建議 ...................... 36 確界定政府在社區(qū)養(yǎng)老中的職責(zé) ..................................... 36 ............................................. 37 ，改善社區(qū)養(yǎng)老的觀念 ........................ 39 ....................................................... 39 第 7 章 結(jié)論 ........................................................ 26 參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................... 27 致 謝 .............................................................. 29 摘要 3 杭州社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老現(xiàn)狀及問(wèn)題研究 摘 要 隨著我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展越來(lái)越迅速，人們生活條件不斷完善，生活水平也在不斷地提高，人的壽命也隨之延長(zhǎng)。于是，社區(qū)引起了人們的注意， 成為了人們的主要生活場(chǎng)所，它以其獨(dú)特 的人力、物力和區(qū)位特點(diǎn)，逐漸被人們關(guān)注且接受。由于傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老方式已經(jīng)不能滿足老齡化需求，杭州社區(qū)開(kāi)展的居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)也日益壯大，可是在取得一定的成效時(shí)，也出現(xiàn)了不 少的問(wèn)題，主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面：①社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老的服務(wù)人員專業(yè)素質(zhì)普遍較低，致使服務(wù)意識(shí)薄弱，技術(shù)較差；②社區(qū)內(nèi)部的組織的資源共享范圍過(guò)窄，共享意識(shí)也比較薄弱；③社區(qū)與其它部門合作不夠，共建共駐不到位；④政府投入資金有限，社區(qū)工作過(guò)于繁重，以致社區(qū)經(jīng)費(fèi)嚴(yán)重不足；⑤社區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不夠完善，無(wú)法滿足老年人的需求。s economic development is more and more rapidly and continuously improve people39。Absract 6 (2) the internal anization of the munity resource sharing scope too narrow, Shared awareness is relatively weak。 And in view of the munity endowment service mode, service for Singapore, the United States, Britain and Japan model, discusses the research on the base of draw lessons from foreign successful experience, put forward the countermeasures and Suggestions for hangzhou city munity endowment service, build perfect munity home endowment service system for the elderly, to further promote the economic development of society and the harmonious stability. Key words: hangzhou,Community home endowment, The status quo,Cause analysis, Countermeasures and Suggestions 第 1 章 緒論 7 第一章 緒論 問(wèn)題的提出 我國(guó)是全球人口做多的國(guó)家，也是老年人口最多的國(guó)家。由此，我國(guó)的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)需求也在快速增長(zhǎng)，使得我國(guó)的養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)竟跟不上老年服務(wù)需求的腳步，許多有關(guān)老年人的起居、康復(fù)、日常保健工作都沒(méi)有得到很好的保障與開(kāi)展。與此同時(shí)，中國(guó)的人均 GDP 也剛剛突破 4000 美元 [2]，這意味著國(guó)家水平剛達(dá)到中等收入，而不得不承認(rèn)目前的老齡化、高齡化問(wèn)題拖延了中國(guó)的發(fā)展速度。 （ 4）我國(guó)人口老齡化的地區(qū)差異明顯：由于地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡，城鄉(xiāng)差距過(guò)大，致使農(nóng)村老齡化率高于城鎮(zhèn)老齡化率；在經(jīng)濟(jì)較為發(fā)達(dá)的東南沿海地區(qū)老齡化程度就要高于中西部。 我國(guó)是個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，經(jīng)濟(jì)不夠發(fā)達(dá)，人口數(shù)量世界最多，社會(huì)福利水平有限，國(guó)家的保障水平較低，養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的數(shù)量供不應(yīng)求，最重要的是