【正文】 道的文獻(xiàn) 關(guān)于中小企業(yè)的融資渠道的一個熱門的學(xué)術(shù)文獻(xiàn) ,見證了大量解決這樣的問題的研究。從這個角度來看，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)年輕的公司規(guī)模小以及面臨更大的障礙時，他們尋求金融資源。 貝克、迪蒙瑞格 克魯特和馬卡斯莫維奇（ 2020）在調(diào)查基礎(chǔ)上，實現(xiàn)對來自 54個國家的中小企業(yè)所面臨的融資和法律約束和腐敗問題與大企業(yè)進(jìn)行更大程度對比，從而影響企業(yè)成長的因素是成反比的公司規(guī)模。 艾瑞迪克、梅勒科和薩爾塔（ 2020）分析，通過統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)和制度因素影響中小企業(yè)融資貸款。因此，在提高這種接入手段意味著增加的程度，金融產(chǎn)品或金融服務(wù)以一個公平的價格提供給每個人。另一方面，它可以區(qū)分非自愿拒絕企業(yè)，雖然這些企業(yè)需求但無法獲得財務(wù)或金融服務(wù)。 融資渠道是企業(yè)發(fā)展和有效配置資金必不可少的。此外，一系列的全球調(diào)查，包括世界商業(yè)環(huán)境調(diào)查所提供的資料表明，中小企業(yè)的融資交易成本是阻礙企業(yè)發(fā)展的最主要的因素。然而，調(diào)查顯示，中小企業(yè)與大企業(yè)相比使用的是很小程度的銀行融資中的新投 資。企業(yè)的這種行為更加證明融資是企業(yè)發(fā)展的一個重要因素。因此， 82%的受采訪企業(yè)家認(rèn)為獲得銀行融資是非常困難的，主要是因為過度官僚主義、不合理的高要求、高利率、剛性的銀行信用指標(biāo)以及眾多類型的傭金和費(fèi) 用。在各個國家的有障礙的企業(yè)家之間進(jìn)行一系列的調(diào)查，認(rèn)為：可能缺乏獲取金融資金方面的知識，缺乏關(guān)于咨詢機(jī)構(gòu)的意識，對不符合要求的貸款人或投資者制定業(yè)務(wù)計劃，在資本供應(yīng)商充分保證減少談判技巧。 )。例如，在歐盟 范圍，通過執(zhí)行小型企業(yè)管理局為歐洲設(shè)立的新措施來改善中小企業(yè)融資渠道，通過降低結(jié)構(gòu)基金回報的要求促進(jìn)中小企業(yè)的準(zhǔn)入，建立“信用監(jiān)察員”以促進(jìn)中小企業(yè)和信貸機(jī)構(gòu)之間的對話，避免稅收立法的雙重征稅，這將妨礙國際風(fēng)險投資，起著重要的作用。 5．結(jié)論 有效的融資對中小企業(yè)創(chuàng)造新的業(yè)務(wù)具有重要的意義，并成長和發(fā)展企業(yè)已有的，同時促進(jìn)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會的發(fā)展。為了減輕這些困難，公共當(dāng)局所采取 的措施應(yīng)著重于提高金融發(fā)展，從而確保企業(yè)融資和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長更大的有效性。 斯科特 ” 雅西大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)與工商管理系 ） ② 名稱： Oradea university:Economic science, in 2020 a spool of Issue 1（奧拉迪亞大學(xué)：經(jīng)濟(jì) 科學(xué)， 2020年第一卷第一期） ③ 頁碼： 22，； 431437 SMES39。231。 limited and, sometimes, inadequate range of financing products. Numerous surveys carried out, particularly, by the World Bank highlight that the access to finance is often mentioned by the SMEs as one of the most important barriers to their well functioning and growth. For example, the surveys conducted by the World Bank, in 20202020, found that, worldwide, 31% of the studied firms report that the access to finance is a major obstacle in the way of carrying out current operations, the percentage being even much higher, at 40% in the case of young firms with up to three years experience (Chavis, Klapper and Love Nonusers of financial products/services Voluntary selfexclusion No need Enterprises (SME) Insufficient ine/ high risk Contractual/ informational framework Price/product features Users of financial products/services Involuntary exclusion 2020: 1). Also, a series of lobal surveys, including the information provided by the World Business Environment Survey, show that small and medium size enterprises report the cost of financing as the most important obstacle to their growth. The difficulties in SMEs financing are more severe in the case of developing countries, this assessment resulting from tapproximately 50% of the micro and small sized enterprises report the difficulties in financing as a major obstacle. As results also from upon, regardless of the group of countries where SMEs are located, about onethird of these firms report that the access to finance is a major current operations (International Finance Corporation 2020: 12). 4. Difficulties in SME’s banking finance access and support measures In most countries, especially in the ones with bank source of external financing is represented by the bank loan. Thus, the access to this type of loans is vital for the development of these enterprises. However, surveys show that small firms when pared with large firms are using in a much smaller degree bank investments. As we have mentioned within the paper, the usage of financial products is determined by supply and demand. Therefore, it is important financing. In this regard, some studies (Banerjee reason would be related to the supply, because every time when the SMEs had access to subsidized credit, they used it to increase the production. Such a conduct of firms strengthens the assertion that the lake of access to finance is a major obstacle to context of the current global economic crisis, the limited access of SMEs to financing has been increased as a result of reduced availability of bank loans. Thus, this type of enterprises faces major difficulties. The survey conducted by the National Council of Small and Medium Sized Private Enterprises in Romania (CNIPMMR), in the period 7 29 October 2020, highl ights the main difficulties faced by the SMEs in their relation with the banks. Thus, 82% of the interviewed entrepreneurs considered that the access to bank financing is very difficult, especially because of the excessive bureaucracy, the unjustified high requirements, the high interest rates, the rigidity of the creditworthiness indicators used by banks, the numerous types of missions and fees required. Also, over 61% of the SMEs’ entrepreneurs and managers reported banks’ lack of transparency (by charging hidden fees, ineffective munication etc.), no real negotiation (by using standard contracts, banks39。 inplete information and even lack of information from the part of both capital providers and enterprises, which prevents the development of normal and efficien