【正文】 ists have constructed the ideal nest box for parrots. (D) Wild parrots39。 side ? (A) Merchants had a strong impact on economic expansion. (B) Economic forces allowed merchants to prosper. (C) Merchants had to work together to achieve economic independence (D) Specialty shops near large markets were more likely to be economically successful. 10. The word undergoing in line 22 is closest in meaning to (A) requesting (B) experiencing (C) repeating (D) including Questions 1122 Avicolturists, people who raise birds for mercial sale, have not yet learned how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue to look for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick survival rates. line When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the (5) nest are controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird39。 side, as increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a variety of goods. One of the reasons Philadelphia39。s merchants generally prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. They did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice. 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) Philadelphia39。s skin to the top portion of the eggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. This temperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching. Nest construction can contribute to this temperature gradient Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material. (10) Such nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom sections of the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation environment (15) In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots and incubate them under laboratory conditions. Most mercial incubators heat the eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird39。 nests provide information useful for artificial incubation. 12. The word They in line 2 refers to (A) aviculturists (B)birds (C)eggs (D) rates 13. According to paragraph 2, when the temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg are cooler than the top, then (A) there may be a good chance for successful incubation (B) the embryo will not develop normally (C) the incubating parent moves the egg to a new position. (D) the incubation process is slowed down 14. According to paragraph 2, sticks, rocks, or dirt are used to (A) soften the bottom of the nest for the newly hatched chick (B) hold the nest together (C) help lower the temperature at the bottom of the nest (D) make the nest bigger 15. According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nest allows water to (A) provide a beneficial source of humidity in the nest (B) loosen the materials at the bottom of the nest (C) keep the nest in a clean condition (D) touch the bottom of the eggs 16. All of the following are part of a parrot39。 and (3) ribbon, a flatfish shape formed by squeezing a small sample between the thumb and index finger. The behavioral characteristics of the soil when molded into each of these shapes, if they can be formed at all, provides the basis for a general textural classification. The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by the (15) amount of clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and when dampened, behave as a plastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in a sample, the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded. Another method of determining soil texture involves the use of devices called sediment sieves, screens built with a specified mesh size. Whe