【正文】 duct quality, enhance the sharing standard level, and promote trade. Sjt The number of vegetable pesticide residue limits standard implemented in the importing country The higher standards of the importing country will increase modity production and export costs, also create obstacles to trade. All the time, Japan is the biggest market of China’s vegetable export, but also the most stringent country setting technical barriers to trade for China’s vegetables, especially the affirmative list policy carried out since 2020 has made China’s vegetable export to Japan in a more severe situation. Some studies have revealed that the affirmative list policy has caused in a short period of time great negative impact on China’s vegetable export to Japan, but the research on this policy’s influences on the overall situation of China’s vegetable export in a relatively long period is short. In order to reflect the whole effects of the affirmative list policy on China’s vegetable export, we add dummy variables to it on the basis on of Model 1, so we have Model 2 shown as type (6): In which R is the dummy variables of the affirmative list, its value being 1 since 2020, and its estimated coefficient being certainty, and the rest of the explanatory variables being shown as before. (B)the data sources In Model 2, Mijt is the vegetable trade of China’s exports to country j in t period. The data e from the “China Foreign Economic Statistical Yearbook”, in which each year all data from Chapter 7, 8 and 20 are accounted according to the customs imports and exports classification. Per capita GNP in China, Japan, the United States and the European Union are from the official website of the Statistical Bureau of People’s Republic of Chin and “The World Economy Yearbook ”. Considering the availability of data, German’s data stand for the data of EU as the German economy is the largest and most influential economy in the EU. The geographical distances from China to Japan, the United States and the European Union are obtained through the “distance calculator” of , among which the distance to the EU is the distance to Germany. Japan sets the standards of vegetable pesticide residue limits according to the pesticide use of each kind of vegetables. The standards had 1,743 items in the vegetable products before 2020. In 2020, the number reached 3728 items. From 2020, the number of agricultural residues rose sharply from more than 9,000 to more than 50,000 items. The standards for vegetables increased 2 times reaching to 7,456 items according to conservative estimates. For leaf type, bulbs, fruit vegetables and tomatoes, broccoli and other single vegetables, the United States laid down 677 items in pesticide residue limits standards. In 2020 the vegetables pesticide residue standard reached 802 items. The standards of pesticide residues in EU vegetable were made on the classification of vegetables. The six great vegetables such as roots, fruits and vegetables, leafy vegetables were given 375 standards before 2020. Beginning in 2020, the number rose to 583 standards (REN, XU, amp。中文 4335 字 Measurement of the Impacts of the Technical Barriers to Trade on Vegetable Export of China: An Empirical Study Based on the Gravity Model Larry D. Qiu July 2 2020 Abstract With the residue limits of pesticides in vegetables as the indication, the present paper employs the gravity model to measure the impacts of the technical barriers to trade on vegetable export of China. The analysis shows that the residue limits of the pesticides in vegetables set by Japan, US and EU have apparent negative impacts on the vegetable export of China. The vegetable export of China decreases by % with the rise in the strictness of residue limits by 10%. On the other hand, to raise the strictness in residue limits of pesticides in vegetables in China has some positive impacts on the vegetable export of China. The reversed transmission of the affirmative list policy of Japan, despite its apparent shortterm repressive impacts on the vegetable export of China, has positive impacts on the vegetable export of China as a whole to the US, European and Japanese markets. First， introduce situation and the gravity model (A) introduction With the development of economic globalization, and on the condition of WTO’s strictly limiting tariffs and quotas, antidumping, countervailing and other traditional nontariff measures, to protect human and animal and plant health and environmental resources, technical barriers to trade (TBT), because of its characteristics such as strong pertinence, good concealment, flexibility, are increasingly bee the main policy tools and means in the world especially in the developed countries to make the trade protection, which has a farreaching influence on in