【正文】 的一種工控機(jī)加以改造作成的繼電保護(hù)裝置。 3 繼電保護(hù)裝置的微機(jī)化、計(jì)算機(jī)化是不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的發(fā)展趨勢。到目前為止，除了差動保護(hù)和縱聯(lián)保護(hù)外，所有繼電保護(hù)裝置都只能反應(yīng)保護(hù)安裝處的電氣量。因繼電保護(hù)的作用不只限于切除故障元件和限制事故影響范圍 (這是首要任務(wù) )，還要保證全系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。 對于一般的非系統(tǒng)保護(hù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)保護(hù)裝置的計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)網(wǎng)也有很大的好處。天津大學(xué) 1993年針對未來三峽水電站 500kv超高壓多回路母線提出了一種分布式母線保護(hù)的原理，初步研制成功了這種裝置。因?yàn)槿绻粋€保護(hù)單元受到干擾或計(jì)算錯誤而誤動時，只能錯誤地跳開本回路，不會造成使母線整個被切除的惡性事故，這對于像三峽電站具有超高壓母線的系統(tǒng)樞紐非常重要。因此，每個微機(jī)保護(hù)裝置不但可完成繼電保護(hù)功能，而且在無故障正常運(yùn)行情況下還可完成測量、控制、數(shù)據(jù)通信功能，亦即實(shí)現(xiàn)保護(hù)、控制、測量、數(shù)據(jù)通信一體化。如果用光纖作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳輸介質(zhì)，還可免除電磁干擾。從主控室通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)可將對被保護(hù)設(shè)備的操作控制命令送到此一體化裝置，由此一體化裝置執(zhí)行斷路器的操作。例如在輸電線兩側(cè)系統(tǒng)電勢角度擺開情況下發(fā)生經(jīng)過渡電阻的短路就是一非線性問題，距離保護(hù)很難正確作出故障位置的判別，從而造成誤動或拒動；如果用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)方法，經(jīng)過大量故障樣本的訓(xùn)練，只要樣本集中充分考慮了各種情況，則在發(fā)生任何故障時都可正確判別?？梢灶A(yù)見，人工智能技術(shù)在繼電保護(hù)領(lǐng)域必會得到應(yīng)用，以解決用常規(guī)方法難以解決的問題。 5 Protection Relay Abstract： Protective relays is very important, since most of the customers are served from distribution lines and since the distribution system is frequently more exposed to damage than any other part of the system. reviewed our country electrical power system relay protection technological development process, has outlined the microputer relay protection technology achievement, proposed the future relay protection technological development tendency will be: Computerizes, worked, protects, the control, the survey, the data munication integration and the artificial intellectualization. Key word： protection relay relay protection present situation development， relay protections future development 1 the principle and development present situation of relay protection The electrical power system rapid development to the relay protection proposed unceasingly the new request, the electronic technology, puter technology and the munication rapid development unceasingly has poured into the new vigor for the relay protection technology development, therefore, the relay protection technology is advantageous, has pleted the development 4 historical stage in more than 40 years time. After the founding of the nation, our country relay protection discipline, the relay protection design, the relay manufacture industry and the relay protection technical team grows out of nothing, has passed through the path in about 10 years which advanced countries half century passes through. The 5039。s, the transistor relay protection was starting to study. In the 6039。s integrated circuit pro 6 tection,substitutes for the transistor protection gradually. The development, the production, the application the integrated circuit protects which to the beginning of the 9039。s to enter the time which the microputer protected. 2 relay protections future development The relay protection technology future the tendency will be to puterizes, worked, the intellectualization, will protect, the control, the survey and the data munication integration development. puterizes Along with the puter hardware swift and violent development, the microputer protection hardware also unceasingly is developing. The original North China electric power institute develops the microputer line protection hardware has experienced 3 development phases: Is published from 8 lists cpu structure microputer protection, does not develop to 5 years time to the multi cpu structure, latter developed to the main line does not leave t 7 he module the big modular structure, the performance enhances greatly, obtained the widespread application. Huazhong University of Science and Technology develops the microputer protection also is from 8 cpu, develops to take the labor controlling machine core partially as the foundation 32 microputers protection. The Nanjing electric power automation research institute from the very beginning has developed 16 cpu is the foundation microputer line protection, obtained the big area promotion, at present also is studying 32 protections hardware system. Southeast the university develops the microputer host equipment protects the hardware also passed through improved and the enhancement many times. The Tianjin University from the very beginning is the development take more than 16 cpu as the foundation microputer line protection, in 1988 namely started to study take 32 digital signals processor (dsp) as the foundation protection, the control, the survey integration microputer installment, at present cooperated with the Zhuhai Jin automatic equipment pany develops one kind of function plete 32 big modules, a module was a miniputer. Uses 32 microputers chips only to focus by no means on the precision, because of the precision the a/d switch resolution limit, is surpassed time 16 all is accepts with difficulty in the conversion rate and the cost aspect。s electric power system protection technology has undergone four times. With the rapid development of power systems and puter technology, munications technology, relay technology faces the further development of the trend. Domestic and international trends in the development of protection technologies: puterization, working, protection, control, measurement, data munications integration and artificial intelligence, which made protection workers difficult task, but also opened up the activities of vast. 。 On the other hand took the survey quantity, delivers through the work. May to deliver from through the work by the protection device operation control mand this