【正文】 e world population live in areas with ________ (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth ________ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that ________ longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year39。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及定語(yǔ)從句，形容詞，連詞，名詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)，表語(yǔ)從句，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 （10）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 （9）考查表語(yǔ)從句。句中應(yīng)該使用harm的形容詞形式與系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，所以填harmful。本句中可以使用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)表示經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，也可以使用不定式短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)表示一次性的動(dòng)作。名詞短語(yǔ)a sign與動(dòng)詞write構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管沒(méi)有路，但很多游客還是會(huì)前往Uluru去攀登這塊巨石。無(wú)論它是珠穆朗瑪峰—世界最高峰，還是位于澳大利亞中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大巖石Uluru。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知珠穆朗瑪峰是世界最高峰，應(yīng)該使用形容詞最高級(jí)作定語(yǔ)。所以填that。s no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be ________ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people ________ (die) so far trying to climb it. This is ________ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru ________ (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019.【答案】 that；highest；or；visitors；written；setting /to set；harmful；have died；why；will be banned 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，人們很喜歡到澳大利亞中部沙漠去攀登Uluru，這一做法帶來(lái)了一系列問(wèn)題，當(dāng)?shù)卣疀Q定禁止人們攀登這塊巨石。t climb.s Qomolangma the ________ (high) peak on Earth ________ Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many ________ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though there39。 句意：也許迎接新年的最后一種方式是在世界各地的城市觀看令人驚嘆的煙花表演。 （9）考查冠詞。修飾形容詞cold，用副詞，故填bitterly。句意：我對(duì)除夕有很多美好的回憶。 （5）考查介詞。句意：在英國(guó)，人們通常在某人家里舉行新年晚會(huì)，邀請(qǐng)朋友、家人和鄰居。句意：在很多國(guó)家，人們會(huì)回老家過(guò)年，所以通常火車和公共汽車上都擠滿了人。 （2）考查形容詞。作者回憶了除夕的許多美好記憶。s Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was ________(bitter) cold . I also spent many wonderful New Year39。s Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to ________(wele) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Year39。 s Eve is a ________(nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries , people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses________(pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Year39。s Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition________(visit) a shrine(圣壇)and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Year39。 （1）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：對(duì)世界各地的許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，除夕是國(guó)家的假日。描述經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。_________ is usually held at someone39。句意：客廳變成了一個(gè)迷你迪斯科舞廳，每個(gè)人都隨著響亮的音樂(lè)跳舞。美好的回憶是復(fù)數(shù)意義，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填memories。 （8）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我想無(wú)論你在哪里，除夕總是一個(gè)令人興奮的日子。描述經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以填is。s no road to it, except for a chainandpole path that39。 （1）考查定語(yǔ)從句。 （2）考查形容詞。所以填highest。句中使用whether…or…固定短語(yǔ)，無(wú)論......還是......，連接上下文。所填詞在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，而且表示人，所以要用visit表示人的名詞形式visitor在句中做主語(yǔ)，而形容詞many說(shuō)明應(yīng)該使用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填visitors。所以填written。所以填setting/to set。 （8）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這就是為什么這個(gè)月的早些時(shí)候澳大利亞政府宣布將從2019年10月26日開始禁止攀登Uluru。句意：這就是為什么這個(gè)月的早些時(shí)候澳大利亞政府宣布將從2019年10月26日開始禁止攀登Uluru。3．閱讀下列材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible ________ a significant reduction in intelligence. The research ________ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in test ________ (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (認(rèn)知的）performance . It ________ (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people bee older.s worth of lost education. For those ________ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, There is no shortcut ________ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for；conducted；scores；was published；those；poisonous；highest；the；who；to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，科學(xué)研究表明空氣污染可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人的智力下降，并且隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，其可能會(huì)阻礙認(rèn)知能力。be responsible for固定短語(yǔ)，“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)，是……的原因”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，showed是本句的謂語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞The research，主語(yǔ)The research和動(dòng)詞conduct之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)用conduct的過(guò)去分詞形式表被動(dòng)。score“分?jǐn)?shù)，成績(jī)”，是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示語(yǔ)言和算術(shù)的測(cè)試分?jǐn)?shù)，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。句子的主語(yǔ)It指代前一句中的The study，The study和publish之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且publish這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，所以應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處應(yīng)用those指代那些在城市居住的人。根據(jù)空格后的名詞air可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞air，表示“有毒的空氣”。根據(jù)空格前的the和序數(shù)聞fourth可知，此處表示空氣污染是全球第四大死因，應(yīng)用high的最髙級(jí)。固定結(jié)構(gòu)the+比較級(jí)... the+比較級(jí)...“越……就越……”，因此，比較級(jí)longer前應(yīng)加定冠詞the?？崭袂暗膖hose是代詞，意為“那些人”，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句做主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞those指人，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用who。句意：在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上沒(méi)有捷徑可走。 Overweight children and teenagers aged between 5 and 18 in the China mainland ________the growing number of overweight ________s health and promote knowledge of ________ （1）考查時(shí)態(tài)。 2他們和報(bào)道之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以填were reported。作句子主語(yǔ)，用名詞，文中表示有效的措施是復(fù)數(shù)意義，所以填measures。 （7）考查名詞。句意：為了應(yīng)對(duì)中國(guó)肥胖兒童的增長(zhǎng)，國(guó)務(wù)院今年發(fā)布了指導(dǎo)方針。s health and promote knowledge of (balance) eating and drinking habits among their ，動(dòng)詞urge后的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should可以被省略的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以填(should) strengthen。5．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given wor