【正文】 第一篇：ted英文演講稿ted英文演講稿：犯錯(cuò)的價(jià)值每個(gè)人都會(huì)避免犯錯(cuò)，但或許避免犯錯(cuò)本身就是一種錯(cuò)誤?請(qǐng)看以下這篇“犯錯(cuò)家“凱瑟琳舒爾茨告訴我們，或許我們不只該承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，更應(yīng)該大力擁抱人性中“我錯(cuò)故我在“的本質(zhì)。So it39。s 1995, I39。m in college, and a friend and I go on a road trip from Providence, Rhode Island to Portland, you know, we39。re young and unemployed, so we do the whole thing on back roads through state parks and national forestsbasically the longest route we can possibly 我在上大學(xué) 我和一個(gè)朋友開車去玩 從羅得島的普羅旺斯區(qū)出發(fā) 到奧勒岡州的波特蘭市。我們年輕、無業(yè)，于是整個(gè)旅程都在鄉(xiāng)間小道 經(jīng)過州立公園 和國家保護(hù)森林 我們盡可能繞著最長(zhǎng)的路徑And somewhere in the middle of South Dakota, I turn to my friend and I ask her a question that39。s been bothering me for 2,000 miles.“What39。s up with the Chinese character I keep seeing by the side of the road?”My friend looks at me totally 我轉(zhuǎn)向我的朋友 問她一個(gè) 兩千英里路途上 一直煩惱我的問題，“路邊那個(gè)一直出現(xiàn)的中文字到底是什么?”我的朋友露出疑惑的神情There39。s actually a gentleman in the front row who39。s doing a perfect imitation of her look.(Laughter)And I39。m like, “You know, all the signs we keep seeing with the Chinese character on them.”正如現(xiàn)在坐在第一排的這三位男士 所露出的神情一樣，笑聲)我說“你知道的 我們一直看到的那個(gè)路牌 寫著中文的那個(gè)啊”She just stares at me for a few moments, and then she cracks up, because she figures out what I39。m talking 突然笑開了 因?yàn)樗偹阒牢宜笧楹蜛nd what I39。m talking about is (Laughter)Right, the famous Chinese character for piic area.(笑聲)沒錯(cuò)，這就是代表野餐區(qū)的那個(gè)中文字(Laughter)I39。ve spent the last five years of my life thinking about situations exactly like thiswhy we sometimes misunderstand the signs around us，(笑聲)過去的五年 我一直在思考 剛剛我所描述的狀況 為什么我們會(huì)對(duì)身邊的征兆 產(chǎn)生誤解and how we behave when that happens, and what all of this can tell us about human 以及這一切所告訴我們的人性In other words, as you heard Chris say, I39。ve spent the last five years thinking about being ，就像 Chris 剛才說的 過去五年的時(shí)間 我都在思考錯(cuò)誤的價(jià)值This might strike you as a strange career move, but it actually has one great advantage: no job 但有一項(xiàng)好處是不容置疑的： 沒有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。(Laughter)In fact, most of us do everything we can to avoid thinking about being wrong, or at least to avoid thinking about the possibility that we ourselves are wrong.(笑聲)事實(shí)上，我們大部分的人 都盡力不思考錯(cuò)誤的價(jià)值 或至少避免想到我們有可能犯錯(cuò)。We get it in the 。We all know everybody in this room makes The human species, in general, is fallibleokay 都會(huì)跳下懸崖which is fine, he39。s a bird, he can ，牠可以飛But the thing is, the coyote runs off the cliff right after And what39。s funnyat least if you39。re six years oldis that the coyote39。s totally fine 如果你是個(gè)六歲兒童 土狼也很好He just keeps runningright up until the moment that he looks down and realizes that he39。s in 直到牠往下看 發(fā)現(xiàn)自己漫步在空中That39。s when he When we39。re wrong about somethingnot when we realize it, but before thatwe39。re like that coyote after he39。s gone off the cliff and before he looks 在我們意識(shí)到我們犯錯(cuò)時(shí) 我們就像那只土狼 還沒意識(shí)到自己奔出懸崖You know, we39。re already wrong, we39。re already in trouble, but we feel like we39。re on solid 已經(jīng)惹上麻煩了 但仍然感覺像走在地上So I should actually correct something I said a moment It does feel like something to be wrong。it feels like being 正確的感覺一樣(Laughter)So this is one reason, a structural reason, why we get stuck inside this feeling of rightness.(笑聲)事實(shí)上我們這種自以為對(duì)的感受 是有構(gòu)造性的原因的I call this error Most of the time, we don39。t have any kind of internal cue to let us know that we39。re wrong about something, until it39。s too 我們身體里沒有任何機(jī)制 提醒我們錯(cuò)了 直到木已成舟But there39。s a second reason that we get stuck inside this feeling as welland this one is 文化性的理由Think back for a moment to elementary You39。re sitting there in class, and your teacher is handing back quiz papers, and one of them looks like 你的老師發(fā)回小考考卷 像這樣的小考考卷This is not mine, by the (Laughter)So there you are in grade school, and you know exactly what to think about the kid who got this paper.(笑聲)你從小學(xué)時(shí)代 就知道該對(duì)拿這張考卷的同學(xué) 下甚么評(píng)語It39。s the dumb kid, the troublemaker, the one who never does his ，搗蛋鬼 從不做功課的壞學(xué)生So by the time you are nine years old, you39。ve already learned, first of all, that people who get stuff wrong are lazy, irresponsible dimwits你不過才九歲 你已經(jīng)懂得，首先 那些犯錯(cuò)的人 都是懶惰、不負(fù)責(zé)任的傻瓜and second of all, that the way to succeed in life is to never make any 想要在人生中成功 就不要犯錯(cuò)We learn these really bad lessons really And a lot of usand I suspect, especially a lot of us in this roomdeal with them by just being perfect little A students，而我們 尤其是這個(gè)大廳里的許多人 都因此成為好學(xué)生 拿全A perfectionists, 、永不滿意Right, , astrophysicist, ultramarathoner? 不是嗎? 財(cái)務(wù)長(zhǎng)、天體物理學(xué)家、超級(jí)馬拉松先生們?us.(Laughter)You39。re all CFO, astrophysicists, ultramarathoners, it turns out.(笑聲)結(jié)果是你們?nèi)闪素?cái)務(wù)長(zhǎng)、天體物理學(xué)家、跑超級(jí)馬拉松 Okay, so Except that then we freak out at the possibility that we39。ve gotten something 就開始手足無措Because according to this, getting something wrong means there39。s something wrong with因?yàn)橐勒找?guī)定 犯錯(cuò) 代表我們一定也有甚么不對(duì)勁So we just insist that we39。re right, because it makes us feel smart and responsible and virtuous and 因?yàn)槟亲屛覀兏杏X聰明、得體 安全和可靠So let me tell you a A couple of years ago, a woman es into Beth Israel Deaconess medical center for a 一個(gè)女人到 Beth Israel Deaconess 診所做手術(shù)Beth Israel39。s in Israel 在波士頓It39。s the teaching hospital for Harvardone of the best hospitals in the 全國數(shù)一數(shù)二的醫(yī)療中心So this woman es in and she39。s taken into the operating She39。s anesthetized, the surgeon does his thingstitches her back up, sends her out to the recovery ，外科醫(yī)生做完手術(shù) 縫合，將她送進(jìn)恢復(fù)室Everything seems to have gone And she wakes up, and she looks down at herself, and she says, “Why is the wrong side of my body in bandages?”她醒來，往自己身上一看 說“為甚么我的左腿綁著繃帶?”Well the wrong side of her body is in bandages because the surgeon has performed a major operation on her left leg instead of her right 但為他做手術(shù)的外科醫(yī)生 卻把刀開在左腿When the vice president for health care quality at Beth Israel spoke about this incident, he said something very 和這次意外做出解釋時(shí) 他說了句很有趣的話He said, “For whatever reason, the surgeon simply felt that he was on the correct side of the patient.”他說“無論如何 這位外科醫(yī)生感覺 他開下的刀是在正確的一側(cè)”(Laughter)The point of this story is that trusting too much in the feeling of being on the correct side of anything can be very dangerous.(笑聲)故事的重點(diǎn)是 相信自己的判斷力 相信自己站在對(duì)的一邊 是非常危險(xiǎn)的This internal sense of righ