【正文】
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)用紙 第 1 頁 共 34 頁 中文摘要 本文介紹水泵在高層建筑恒壓供水系統(tǒng)中的 PLC和變頻控制以及監(jiān)控組態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)過程。系統(tǒng)使用壓力變送器對(duì)供水水壓進(jìn)行連續(xù)檢測(cè),檢測(cè)到的壓力信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào)后送給可編程控制器( PLC)和變頻器。 PLC作為 核心 控制機(jī)構(gòu), 一方面控制變頻器和高峰補(bǔ)水泵工作,另一方面與上位機(jī)相連,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的組態(tài)監(jiān)控;變頻器通過其內(nèi)部的 PID調(diào)節(jié)運(yùn)算功能, 變頻器和水泵構(gòu)成執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu),壓力變送器作為 檢測(cè)和 反饋機(jī)構(gòu),共同組成一個(gè)閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)。 本 系統(tǒng)采用一臺(tái)變頻器拖動(dòng)三 臺(tái) 水泵 電機(jī)的起動(dòng) 切換、 運(yùn)行 和 調(diào)速 。水泵機(jī)組 采用循環(huán)使用的方式運(yùn) 行。 系統(tǒng)設(shè)有監(jiān)控上位機(jī),上位 機(jī) 與 PLC連接, 完成對(duì)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的 數(shù)據(jù)采集 和 狀態(tài)監(jiān)控 。 系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行時(shí), 壓力 變送 器能夠?qū)崟r(shí)檢測(cè)到 供水管網(wǎng)的水 壓值并反饋到 PLC和變頻器 , 變頻器 利用 PLD 控制策略實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整水泵 的運(yùn)行速度(頻率)、改變其 流量,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)恒壓 供水。 單臺(tái)水泵工況的調(diào)節(jié)是通過變頻器來改變電源的頻率 f來改變電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速 n,從而改變水泵的 流量 Q來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。分析水泵的能耗比較圖,可以看出利用變頻器實(shí)現(xiàn) 變頻 調(diào)速恒壓供水,當(dāng) 水泵電機(jī) 轉(zhuǎn)速降低時(shí),流量與轉(zhuǎn)速成正比,功率以轉(zhuǎn)速的三次方下降,與傳統(tǒng)供水方式閥門節(jié)流控制相比,可以 大幅度降 低能耗, 本系統(tǒng) 節(jié)能 效果 明顯。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 恒壓供水 組態(tài)監(jiān)控 PLC 變頻器 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)用紙 第 2 頁 共 34 頁 ABSTRACT In this paper, constant pressure pumps in the highrise building water supply systems in the PLC and frequency control, and monitor the configuration design process. System uses hydraulic pressure transmitter for continuous water supply testing, to detect the pressure signal after the conversion to electrical signals to the programmable logic controller (PLC) and the inverter. PLC as a core control mechanism, on the one hand to control the peak transducer and pump up the work, on the other hand, connected with the host puter, running on the system to achieve the configuration monitoring。 inverter through its regulation of the internal operations of the PID function, transducer and pumps constitute the implementation of institutions, pressure transmitter testing and feedback as a body, the formation of a joint closedloop control system. The system uses a frequency converter three drag pump motor starter switch, operation and speed. The use of recycled water pump unit run. PC system with monitor, PC and PLC connection, pletion of the system of data collection and condition monitoring. System, the pressure transmitter can be detected in realtime pressure water supply works and value back to the PLC and inverter, inverter P1D control strategies using realtime adjustment of pump speed (frequency), change its flow, in order to achieve constant pressure water supply. A single pump operating conditions through the regulation of the power inverter to change the frequency f to change the motor speed n, in order to change the pump flow Q to achieve. Analysis of pump power consumption parison, one can see the use of VVVF inverter to achieve constant pressure water supply, when the pump motor speed to reduce traffic flow and speed in direct proportion to the power side to speed the decline in the three traditional methods of water supply valve expenditure pared to the door control, can greatly reduce energy consumption, energysaving effect of the system. KEY WORDS: Water supply, constant pressure water supply, PLC 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)用紙 第 3 頁 共 34 頁 目 錄 摘 要 1 Abstract 2 目 錄 3 第一章 總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 5 設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)和要求 5 設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo) 5 任務(wù)要求 5 控制方案的選定 5 控制方案 5 變頻恒壓供 水系統(tǒng)控制流程 6 第二章 硬件設(shè)計(jì)和選型 7 硬件設(shè)計(jì) 7 PLC 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則 6 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)流程進(jìn)行 6 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)具體設(shè)計(jì) 8 PLC 的選型 9 變頻器選型 12 電機(jī)及水泵選型 13 遠(yuǎn)傳壓力表選型 15 觸摸屏的選型 15 系統(tǒng)電路設(shè)計(jì) 16 第三章 系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 18 系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行流程 18 PLC 程序設(shè)計(jì) 18 第四章 組態(tài)監(jiān)控界面設(shè)計(jì) 19 組態(tài)監(jiān)控程序設(shè)計(jì) 19 主畫面設(shè)計(jì) 19 參考文獻(xiàn) 21 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)用紙 第 4 頁 共 34 頁 附錄 A 22 附錄 B 32 總 結(jié) 33 致 謝