【正文】 遼寧科技 大學(xué)本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) 第 I 頁(yè) 基于 PLC 變頻器恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 傳統(tǒng)的供水系統(tǒng)存在著占地面積大、建設(shè)費(fèi)用高、管理維護(hù)復(fù)雜困難、供水質(zhì)量低下等缺點(diǎn)和不足。為了解決這些問(wèn)題，本文采用控制技術(shù)和變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)相結(jié)合的方法來(lái)研究恒壓供水系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液位傳感器、壓力傳感器一起組成了兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的閉環(huán)控制子系統(tǒng)。設(shè)計(jì)好的系統(tǒng)每天 24小時(shí)不間斷按預(yù)先設(shè)定的水壓恒定地向城市供水，保證了水廠的不間斷生產(chǎn)。通過(guò)該項(xiàng)目的研制和應(yīng)用，不僅能夠節(jié)約寶貴的水、電資源，降低了生產(chǎn)成本，減少設(shè)備維護(hù)，降低維修成本；而且提高了整個(gè)水廠的生產(chǎn)調(diào)度管理水平，減 輕工人勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，有效的提高了生產(chǎn)率。 論文論述了采用多泵并聯(lián)供水方案的合理性，分析了多泵供水方式的各種供水狀態(tài)及轉(zhuǎn)換條件，分析了電機(jī)由變頻轉(zhuǎn)工頻運(yùn)行方式的切換過(guò)程及存在的問(wèn)題。給出了實(shí)現(xiàn)有效狀態(tài)循環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)換控制的電氣設(shè)計(jì)方案和 PLC 控制程序設(shè)計(jì)方案。通過(guò)對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)和 PLC 之間通信協(xié)議的研究，完成了上、下位機(jī)的通信設(shè)置，給出了計(jì)算機(jī)監(jiān)控程序編寫(xiě)方法，通過(guò)通信模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)供水系統(tǒng)的遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控和故障報(bào)警。 關(guān)鍵字 ： 恒壓供水 ； 控制 ； 變頻器 ； PLC 遼寧科技 大學(xué)本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) 第 II 頁(yè) Design of Constant Pressure Water Supply System Based on PLC and Inverter Control ABSTRACT Traditional water supply system has the shortages including occupying wide surface area、 high expenses、 management plex and difficult、 water pollution again, and so on. In order to solve these problems, this paper bines control technology and transducer technology to research constant pressure water supply system. Two independent subsystems are irrespectively built with water place sensor and pressure sensor. The finished system can fulfill constantly supplying water to city day and night according to the water pressure given to assure the continuously produce. With the research and use of this project, we can save large sum of precious water、 electrical source, and decrease the produce price, reduce device management and lessen repair price. Moreover, this system also can improve the lever of produce and management, lighten the work?s strength, and increase the productivity. This paper discusses the reasonability of water scheme with much pump parallel connection， and analyses the conversion condition and the various states of water supply of the pump way of water supply as well as the switch process and the problem of a generator from variable frequency operation mode to work frequency operation mode． This paper has also given the electrical design scheme and PLC controlling program scheme that realizes effective state circulating conversion control. By researching the munication agreement between the puter and PLC， this paper has finished setting up the munication between upper and lower puter and also has described the method to pile puter monitoring program to realize the long— range monitoring and fault reporting for water supply system through munication modular. Key Words: constant water supply system； control transducer a frequency transformer； PLC 遼寧科技 大學(xué)本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) 第 III 頁(yè) 目錄 基于 PLC 變頻器恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................ I 摘 要 .............................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT................................................................................................... II ......................................................................................................... 6 3. 1 PLC 的定義 ........................................................................................... 14 3. 2 PLC 的特點(diǎn) ........................................................................................... 14 3. 3 PLC 的組成 ........................................................................................... 15 3. 4 PLC 的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 .................................................................................... 17 3. 5 PLC 的工作方式 .................................................................................... 18 3. 6 PLC 工作過(guò)程 ....................................................................................... 19 3. 7 PLC 機(jī)型選擇 ....................................................................................... 20 3. 8 SIMATIC S7300 產(chǎn)品介紹 ................................................................... 21 S7300 控制原理 ............................................................................... 26 控制原理 .............................................................................................. 26 系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................. 29 PID 的相關(guān)知識(shí) ..................................................................................... 31 PID 的參數(shù)的預(yù)置與調(diào)整 .................................................................. 31 PID 調(diào)節(jié)器在控制回路中的工作過(guò)程 ............................................... 32 壓力傳感器工作原理 ............................................................................ 32 變頻器的基本控制原理 ......................................................................... 34 系統(tǒng)組成 ................................................................................................ 36 系統(tǒng)控制工作原理 ................................................................................ 37 變頻器恒壓供水系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................. 38 變頻器恒壓供水系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................. 39 遼寧科技 大學(xué)本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) 第 IV 頁(yè) 系統(tǒng)工作過(guò)程 ........................................................................................ 40 結(jié) 論 ............................................................................................................... 41 參考文獻(xiàn) ......................................................................................................... 43 遼寧科技 大學(xué)本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) 第 0 頁(yè) 1 緒論 課題背景及意義 眾所周知，水是人類(lèi)生活、生產(chǎn)中不可缺少的重要物質(zhì)，在節(jié)水節(jié)能 已成為時(shí)代特征的現(xiàn)實(shí)條件下，我們這個(gè)水資源和電能短缺的國(guó)家，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)在市政供水、高層建筑供水、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)循環(huán)供水等方面技術(shù)一直比較落后，自動(dòng)化程度低，而隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們生活水平的不斷提高，以及住房制度改革的不斷深入，城市中各類(lèi)小區(qū)建設(shè)發(fā)展十分迅速，同時(shí)也對(duì)小區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)提出了更高的要求。小區(qū)供水系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)是其中的一個(gè)重要方面，供水的可靠性、穩(wěn)定性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性直接影響到小區(qū)住戶(hù)的正常工作和生活，也直接體現(xiàn)了小區(qū)