【正文】 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 4 45m 預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡(jiǎn)支 T 梁橋設(shè)計(jì) 摘要 橋梁是最重要的交通設(shè)施之一。本設(shè)計(jì)為四跨預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡(jiǎn)支橋梁。橋面凈寬 9+2 米，橋下凈空 5 米，跨徑為 45 米。本設(shè)計(jì)分為以下幾個(gè)部分：（ 1）橋面板的設(shè)計(jì)。綜合各種因素，本橋采用預(yù)應(yīng)力 T 型簡(jiǎn)支梁，預(yù)應(yīng)力 T型簡(jiǎn)支梁具有安裝重量輕、跨度大等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，適用于大中跨度橋梁。橋面采用 5 片寬度為 米，梁高為 米，跨度為 米的預(yù)應(yīng)力 T型梁。橋面荷載計(jì)算鑒于作用于橋面上荷載的復(fù)雜性，目前廣泛采用的辦法是將空間問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為平面問(wèn)題求解。需要引 入荷載橫向分布系數(shù)。作用在橋面上的荷載有結(jié)構(gòu)重力、預(yù)加應(yīng)力、土的重力 ,混凝土收縮以及徐變影響力 ,汽車(chē)荷載以及其引起的沖擊力、離心力、平板掛車(chē)荷載和人群荷載 ,以及所有車(chē)輛引起的土側(cè)壓力?；驹硎羌俣ê雎灾髁褐g橫向結(jié)構(gòu)的聯(lián)系作用，橋面板視為沿橫向支撐在主梁上的簡(jiǎn)支梁。畫(huà)出最不利位置的影響線(xiàn)，據(jù)影響線(xiàn)得到橫向分布系數(shù) M，取最大的橫向分布系數(shù)作為主梁的控制設(shè)計(jì)。 (2)橋臺(tái)采用重力橋臺(tái) ,基礎(chǔ)采用剛性基礎(chǔ)。由于基礎(chǔ)滿(mǎn)足剛性角要求 ,基礎(chǔ)不需要配鋼筋。對(duì)基礎(chǔ)需要進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)底面應(yīng)力驗(yàn)算和基礎(chǔ)沉降計(jì)算 ,以保證其滿(mǎn)足規(guī)范要求 。 關(guān)鍵詞 預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土 ； 簡(jiǎn)支梁橋 ； 橋墩 ； 重力式橋臺(tái) ； 鉆孔灌注樁 Abstract Bridge is one of the most important traffic facilities,the design is about a reinforce concrete simply supported gieder bridge, that has Four bridge deck slab’s breadth is 9+2 meter ,The clearance under bridge superstructure is 5 meter and each span to 45 design is three parts as follows:(1) the design of deck all of the factors,we decided use of prestressed bridge Tsimple prestressed bridge has mang good qualities,such as it has small weight when installed, it is very simply when not use so much is suitable for the small bridge deck slab is posed of 5 Tsimple beams,and the hollow slab is wideth, meter heigh and the load is not simple,the bridge deck slab’scalauation,using the method of changing the space problem into plane design problem to draw we have to introduce the transverse load distribution loads that imposedon the bridge are as follows: constructure gravity prestressing soil gravity,concrete structure’s shrinkage and creep that casued influence force,the car load and impact force,trailer load pedestrian load and lateral earth basic principle is that we neglect the link effect of the transversal constraction between the main supposed the bridge deck slab as simplysupported girder that is supported on the main draw the influence line that which point is the most adverse,from witch we can know the transverse load foundation’s sedimentation,to ensure it suit to the require of the bridge’s underside structure is installed under the foundation soil,its main use is to support the upside structure and transfer the load from the upside structure to the require of the standard. Keywords Reinforce concrete。 simply supported gieder bridge。 bridge pier。 gravity abutment。 cast –inplace pile 目 錄 摘要 ...................................................................................................................... II Abstract ............................................................................................................... III 第 1 章 橋梁上部結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算 .................................................................................1 設(shè)計(jì)資料及構(gòu)造布置 ...........................................................................1 設(shè)計(jì)資料 .........................................................................................1 橫截面布置 .....................................................................................3 橫截面沿跨長(zhǎng)的變化 .....................................................................6 橫隔梁的設(shè)置 .................................................................................6 主梁作用效應(yīng)計(jì)算 ...............................................................................7 永久作用效應(yīng)計(jì)算 .........................................................................7 可變作用效應(yīng)計(jì)算（剛性橫梁法） .............................................9 主梁作用效應(yīng)組合 .......................................................................17 預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼束的估算和布置 .................................................................18 預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼束的估算 .......................................................................18 預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼束的布置 .......................................................................19 計(jì)算主梁截面幾何特性 .....................................................................24 截面面積及慣矩計(jì)算 ...................................................................24 截面靜矩計(jì)算 ...............................................................................26 截面幾何特性匯總 .......................................................................28 鋼束預(yù)應(yīng)力損失計(jì)算 .........................................................................28 預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼束與管道壁之間的摩擦引起的預(yù)應(yīng)力損失 ...............30 由錨具變形、鋼束回縮引起的預(yù)應(yīng)力損失 ...............................30 混凝土彈性壓縮引起的預(yù)應(yīng)力損失 ...........................................31 由鋼束應(yīng)力松弛引起的預(yù)應(yīng)力損失 ............................................33 混凝土收縮和徐變引起的預(yù)應(yīng)力損失 .......................................34 成橋后張拉 N9 號(hào)鋼束混凝土彈性壓縮引起的預(yù)應(yīng)力損失 .... 35 預(yù)加應(yīng)力計(jì)算及鋼束預(yù)應(yīng)力損失匯總 ...................................... 37 主梁截面承載力與應(yīng)力計(jì)算 ............................................................ 40 持久狀況承載能力極限狀態(tài)承載力驗(yàn)算 ................................... 40 持久狀況正常使用極限狀態(tài)抗裂驗(yàn)算 ...................................... 46 持久狀 況構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力驗(yàn)算 .......................................................... 50 短暫狀況構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力驗(yàn)算 .......................................................... 56 主梁端部的局部承壓驗(yàn)算 ................................................................ 59 局部承壓區(qū)的 截面尺寸驗(yàn)算 ...................................................... 59 局部抗壓承載力驗(yàn)算 .................................................................. 61 主梁變形驗(yàn)算 .................................................................................... 62 計(jì)算由預(yù)加力引起的跨中反拱度 .............................................. 62 計(jì)算由荷載引起的跨中撓度 ...................................................... 66 結(jié)構(gòu)剛度驗(yàn)算 .............................................................................. 67 預(yù)拱度的設(shè)置 .............................................................................. 67 橫隔梁計(jì)算 ........................................................................................ 67 確定作用在橫隔梁上的可變作用 .............................................. 67 跨中橫隔梁的作用效應(yīng)影響線(xiàn) ....................