【正文】 重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 基于 FPGA 高性能溫控調(diào)速風(fēng)扇系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生： 學(xué)號(hào)： 20213329 指導(dǎo)教師： 助理指導(dǎo)老師： 專業(yè)： 光電信息 工程 重慶大學(xué) 光電工程 學(xué)院 二 O 一五 年六月 重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）目錄 Graduation Design(Thesis) of ChongqingUniversity Based on FPGA High Performance Fan Design of Temperature Control System Undergraduate:Li yao Supervisor: Prof. Pan yinsong Assistant Supervisor : Qin haiyang Major: Optoelectronic Information Engineering College of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University June 2021 重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）摘要 I 摘 要 溫控風(fēng)扇在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中的生產(chǎn)以及人們的日常生活中都有廣泛 的應(yīng)用，如工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中大型機(jī)械散熱系 統(tǒng)中的風(fēng)扇、現(xiàn)在筆記本電腦上 廣泛應(yīng)用的智能 CPU 風(fēng)扇等。 在現(xiàn)階段，溫控風(fēng)扇的 設(shè)計(jì)已經(jīng)有了一定的成效，可以使風(fēng)扇根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度的變化進(jìn)行自動(dòng) 調(diào)速，當(dāng)溫度升高到一定時(shí)能自動(dòng) 啟 動(dòng)風(fēng)扇，當(dāng)溫度降到一定時(shí)能自動(dòng)停止風(fēng)扇的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)智能控制。隨著 FPGA 在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的廣泛應(yīng)用，許多用 FPGA 做控制 核心 的溫度控制系統(tǒng)也應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。它使風(fēng)扇根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度的變化實(shí)現(xiàn)自 動(dòng)啟停，使風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)速隨著環(huán)境溫度的變化而變化，實(shí)現(xiàn)了風(fēng)扇的智能調(diào)控 。 本設(shè)計(jì) 采用 ALTER公司 CycloneV FPGA作為控制器，利用溫度傳感器 DS18B20作 為溫度采 集元件，并根據(jù)采集到的溫度，經(jīng)過(guò)高精度的調(diào)速算法，最終將用于調(diào)速的 PWM 脈沖信號(hào)傳遞給 L298N 電機(jī) 驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片以驅(qū)動(dòng)并控制直流 電機(jī) 的轉(zhuǎn)速 。采用矩陣鍵盤作為控制系統(tǒng)的輸入， 可選擇 手動(dòng)模式和自動(dòng)模式 ， 以及 進(jìn)行檔位選擇 。手動(dòng)模式下，可以 人為 選擇風(fēng)扇的檔位與轉(zhuǎn)速；自動(dòng)模式下， 根據(jù)溫度的變化自動(dòng)改變風(fēng)扇電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速 ，同時(shí)在 LED 數(shù)碼管顯示 當(dāng)前 的溫度、 所選的工作模式 和 檔位 。 蜂鳴器用于提示按鍵成功， LED 燈 用于 檔位提示并方便使用者夜間操作。 為了讓風(fēng)扇能夠直接由 220V 直接供電， 文中 對(duì)電源進(jìn)行了單獨(dú)的設(shè)計(jì)，讓其更具有使用價(jià)值。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： FPGA， 溫度控制 ，直流電機(jī)， PWM 調(diào)速 ， 電源設(shè)計(jì) 重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） Abstract II Abstract The fan controlled by temperature is widely used in modern society productions and people’s daily life, such as the fan of largescale industrial production of mechanical cooling system and the CPU fan of the notebook puter which are now widely used. At present, the design of temperature control fan have a certain effect, which can make the fan speed automatically change according to the environment the temperature rises to a certain one, it can automatically start the fan, when the temperature drops to a certain one, it can automatically stop the rotation of the fan, which achieves the intelligently control of the fan. As FPGA is widely used in various fields, many temperature control systems based on FPGA also emerge as the times require. It makes the fan according to the change of environment temperature realize the automatic starting and stopping and the fan speed varies with the temperature of the environment, which realizes the intelligent control of the fan. This design uses ALTER CycloneV FPGA as the controller, using the temperature sensor DS18B20 as the temperature acquisition device, and the collected temperature through the speed control algorithm with high precision will eventually be used to transmit PWM pulse signal to control L298N motor driver chip to drive and control the speed of DC motor. Using 4*4 matrix keyboard as the input of control system, you can choose manual mode and automatic mode, and make gears selection. In manual mode, you can stall speed and artificial selection of the fan。 In the automatic mode, the fan motor speed can change automatically according to the change of temperature, at the same time ,it uses the LED digital tube to displays the current temperature, the working modes and the gears chosen. The buzzer prompts are used for key success proving, LED lights for shift reminder and which is convenient for users to operate at night. In order to let the fan can be powered directly by 220V, the power supply circuit is separately designed, which make it be more pragmatic value. Keywords： FPGA,Temperature control, DC motor,PWM,Power design 重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）目錄 III 目錄 摘要 ......................................................I Abstract .................................................. II 1 緒 論 ....................................................1 引言 ..................................................................1 發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 ....................................................1 2 整體方案設(shè)計(jì) .............................................3 性能要求 ..............................................................3 系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計(jì) ..........................................................3 方案論證 ..............................................................4 溫度傳感器 的選擇 ................................................4 調(diào)速方式的選擇 ..................................................5 顯示方式的選擇 ..................................................6 重點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容及實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑 ................................................6 3 硬件電路原理及設(shè)計(jì) ......................................7 FPGA..................................................................7 Cyclone V EP4CE6芯片 .................................................7 ........................................................7 EP4CE6 開發(fā)板 ...................................................8 時(shí)鐘部分和復(fù)位電路 ..............................................8 ....................................................9 I/O 擴(kuò)展電路 ...................................................10 ...................................................10 L298N 芯片 ...........................................................11 .......................................................11 ............................................13 DS18B20溫度傳感器及驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 ..........................................14 DS18B20 簡(jiǎn)介 ...................................................14 DS18B20 主要特征及參數(shù) ..........................................14 DS18B20 的時(shí)序控制 ..............................................15 數(shù)碼管顯示電路 .......................................................16 .....................................................17 重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）目錄 IV .......................................................17 蜂 蜜器 .........................................................17 4 軟件設(shè)計(jì)與仿真 ......................................... 19 .......................................................19 Verilog HDL 語(yǔ)言與 Quartus II 開發(fā)平臺(tái) ............