【正文】 I 基于 51 單片機(jī)的溫控風(fēng)扇設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 在炎熱的夏天人們用電風(fēng)扇來降溫；在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，大型機(jī)械用電風(fēng)扇來散熱等。隨著溫度控制的技術(shù)不斷發(fā)展，應(yīng)運(yùn)而生的溫控電風(fēng)扇也逐漸走進(jìn)了人們的生活中。溫控電風(fēng)扇可以根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)電風(fēng)扇啟停與轉(zhuǎn)速，在實(shí)際生活的使用中，溫控風(fēng)扇不僅可節(jié)省寶貴的電資源，也大大方便了人們的生活和生產(chǎn)。 本 設(shè)計(jì)為一種溫控風(fēng)扇系統(tǒng)，具有靈敏的溫度感測和顯示功能，系統(tǒng)采用STC89C51 單片機(jī)作為控制平臺(tái)對(duì)風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)速進(jìn)行控制。利用 DS18B20 數(shù)字溫度傳感器采集實(shí)時(shí)溫度，經(jīng)單片機(jī)處理后通過 三極管驅(qū)動(dòng)直流風(fēng)扇的電機(jī)。根據(jù)采集的實(shí)時(shí)溫度，實(shí)現(xiàn)了風(fēng)扇的自起自停?？捎捎脩粼O(shè)置高、低溫度值，測得溫度值在高低溫度之間時(shí)打開風(fēng)扇弱風(fēng)檔，當(dāng)溫度升高超過所設(shè)定的溫度時(shí)自動(dòng)切換到大風(fēng)檔，當(dāng)溫度小于所設(shè)定的溫度時(shí)自動(dòng)關(guān)閉風(fēng)扇，控制狀態(tài)隨外界溫度而定。 關(guān)鍵詞： 溫控風(fēng)扇 ， 單片機(jī) ， DS18B20，自動(dòng)控制 II Temperature control fan design based on 51 single chip microputer ABSTRACT In the hot summer, people use cooling fan。 in the industrial production, is used toheat the electric fan large machinery. With the continuous development of thetechnology of temperature control, temperature controlled electric fan emerge as the times require gradually into people39。s lives. Temperature controlled electric fan can be adjusted automatically stop and start the fan speed according to the environment temperature, the use of real life, temperature controlled fan not only can save power resources valuable, but also greatly facilitate the people39。s life and production. The design of a temperature controlled fan system, sensitive temperate easuing and display, the system uses STC89C51 microcontroller as the control platform to control the speed of the fan. The realtime temperature using DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, SCM processing through the transistor DCfan motor drive. According to the realtime temperature acquisition, the fan selfstop. High, low temperature value set by the user, the measured temperaturevalues in the high and low temperature between open fan weak wind profile,when the temperature exceeds the set temperature automatically switch to thefile, automatically turn off the fan when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the control state varies with the outside temperature. KEY WORDS: Temperature control fan, MCU, DS18B20,automatic control III 目 錄 前 言 ....................................................................................................... 1 第 1 章 緒論 ............................................................................................ 2 研究本課題的目的和意義 ....................................................... 2 發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................................... 2 第 2 章 整體方案選擇 ............................................................................ 4 溫度傳感器的選用 .................................................................... 4 主控機(jī)的選擇 ............................................................................ 6 顯示電路 ..................................................................................... 6 調(diào)速方式 ..................................................................................... 7 第 3 章 系統(tǒng)硬件組成 ............................................................................ 8 系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................... 8 主控芯片介紹 ............................................................................ 8 STC89C51 簡介 ............................................................... 8 STC89C51 主要功能和性能參數(shù) .................................... 9 STC89C51 單片機(jī)引腳說明 ......................................... 10 STC89C51 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng) ........................................... 12 STC89C51 中斷技術(shù)概述 ............................................... 14 DS18B20 溫度采集電路 .......................................................... 14 DS18B20 的特點(diǎn)及內(nèi)部構(gòu)造 ........................................ 14 DS18B20 的工作原理 ..................................................... 16 DS18B20 的工作時(shí)序 ..................................................... 19 數(shù)碼管驅(qū)動(dòng)顯示電路 ............................................................. 21 數(shù)碼管驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 ........................................................... 21 數(shù)碼管顯示電路 ........................................................... 22 風(fēng)扇驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 .......................................................................... 23 按鍵模塊 .................................................................................. 26 第 4 章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 28 軟件介紹 .................................................................................. 28 IV Keil C51 .......................................................................... 28 Protel99SE ...................................................................... 29 Proteus ............................................................................. 30 主程序流程圖 .......................................................................... 32 DS18B20 子程序流程圖 .......................................................... 33 數(shù)碼管顯示子程序流程圖 ..................................................... 34 按鍵子程序流程圖 .................................................................. 35 第 5 章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 .................................................................................. 37 軟硬件調(diào)試 .............................................................................. 37 按鍵顯示部分的調(diào)試 ................................................... 37 傳感器 DS18B20 溫度采集部分調(diào)試 ........................ 37 風(fēng)扇調(diào)速電路部分調(diào)試 ............................................... 38 系統(tǒng)功能 .................................................................................. 38 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能 ........................................................... 38 系統(tǒng)功能分析 ............................................................... 39 結(jié) 論 ..................................................................................................... 40 謝 辭 ....................................................................................................... 41 參考文獻(xiàn) ................................................................................................. 42 附 錄 ...