【正文】 10410410410410410410410411111111111111 第 1 頁 年產(chǎn) 330 萬噸全連鑄坯的轉(zhuǎn)爐煉鋼車間工藝設(shè)計(jì) 專 業(yè)：冶金工程 姓 名：朱江江 指導(dǎo)老師：折媛 摘 要 本設(shè)計(jì)的主要任務(wù)是設(shè)計(jì)一座年產(chǎn) 330 萬噸 方坯 的轉(zhuǎn)爐煉鋼車間。本設(shè)計(jì)從基礎(chǔ)的物料平衡和熱平衡計(jì)算開始 ， 主要包括以下幾部分：轉(zhuǎn)爐爐型設(shè)計(jì)、氧槍設(shè)計(jì)、 轉(zhuǎn)爐車間設(shè)計(jì)、連鑄設(shè)備的選型及計(jì)算、 以及煉鋼操作制度和 工藝制度， 其中，轉(zhuǎn)爐煉鋼車間設(shè)計(jì)是本設(shè)計(jì)的重點(diǎn)與核心。 本設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)有轉(zhuǎn)爐兩座，轉(zhuǎn)爐大小均為 150t，平均吹氧時(shí)間為 38min，純吹氧時(shí)間為 18min，轉(zhuǎn)爐作業(yè)率為 80%， 轉(zhuǎn)爐的原料主要有鐵水、廢鋼以及 其它一些輔助原料。 連鑄坯的收得率為 98%，另外 本車間爐外精煉主要采用了喂絲以及真空脫氣手段。本車間的澆注方式為全連鑄。車間的最終產(chǎn)品為 方 坯。 此次的設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)更加鞏固了我所學(xué)的專業(yè)知識(shí)，與此同時(shí)也更加了解了轉(zhuǎn)爐煉鋼車間的各道工藝流程，為以后的工作打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。 關(guān)鍵詞： 頂 底復(fù) 吹 轉(zhuǎn)爐 煉鋼 車間 精煉 連鑄 10410410410410410410410422222222222222 第 2 頁 Abstact The main task of this design is designing a plant wich perduce million tons of steel per year. It is bee the foundation of the material and thermal calculation, mainly include the following parts: the bof model designing, oxygen lance designing, equipment selection and calculation of continuous caster ,besides,also including operating and process system of steelmaking ,the core of the design is plant layouting This design has two 150t converter for steelmaking, the average time of oxygen applying is 38min ,pure oxygen applying time is 18min, the efficient of the bof is 80% , scrap metal and other auxiliary materials. The rate of casting billet is 98%, in addition , refining mainly adopts wire feeding and vacuum deairing, The final product is billet. The design more strengthened my major knowledge, at the same time also understand more about the converter steelmaking of each process , laiding a good foundation for the work of future. Keywords: top and bottom bined blown converter steelmaking refining casting continuous casting 10410410410410410410410433333333333333 第 3 頁 目錄 1 緒 論 ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 轉(zhuǎn)爐冶煉原理簡(jiǎn)介 [1] ........................................................................................................................ 7 氧氣轉(zhuǎn)爐煉鋼的特點(diǎn) ....................................................................................................................... 8 設(shè)計(jì)原則和指導(dǎo)思想 ........................................................................................................................ 9 產(chǎn)品方案 ............................................................................................................................................ 9 2 氧氣轉(zhuǎn)爐煉鋼車間 ................................................................................................................................ 11 初始條件 .......................................................................................................................................... 11 公稱容量選擇 [2] .............................................................................................................................. 11 轉(zhuǎn)爐座數(shù)的確定 ............................................................................................................................ 11 根 據(jù)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模和產(chǎn)品方案計(jì)算出年需鋼水量。 ........................................................................ 12 計(jì)算年產(chǎn)鋼量 ................................................................................................................................ 12 3 轉(zhuǎn)爐物料平衡和熱平衡計(jì)算 ............................................................................................................... 13 氧氣頂?shù)?復(fù)吹轉(zhuǎn)爐的物料平衡和熱平衡 .................................................................................... 13 物料平衡計(jì)算 .......................................................................................................................... 13 熱平衡計(jì)算 ...................................................................................................................................... 25 熱平衡計(jì)算所需數(shù)據(jù) .............................................................................................................. 25 計(jì)算步驟 ................................................................................................................................... 26 4 轉(zhuǎn)爐爐型及氧槍設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................................. 30 轉(zhuǎn)爐爐型設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................................. 30 爐型選擇 ................................................................................................................................... 30 轉(zhuǎn)爐的公稱噸位 ...................................................................................................................... 30 爐容比確定 ............................................................................................................................... 31 高寬比 ....................................................................................................................................... 32 爐型主要尺寸的確定 .............................................................................................................. 32 轉(zhuǎn)爐設(shè)備及修砌 ..................................................................................................................... 39 氧槍噴頭設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................................. 42 噴頭設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................................... 42 氧槍槍身設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................................... 44 氧槍升降和更換機(jī)構(gòu) ............................