【正文】 1 丙烯精制工段工藝設(shè)計(jì) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) （論文）任務(wù)書(shū) 摘 要 本 人所 設(shè)計(jì) 所依據(jù)的 是以 丙烯精制 生產(chǎn)裝置 為設(shè)計(jì)原型。我所設(shè)計(jì)的題目是年產(chǎn) 105000 噸氣體分餾裝置丙烯精制工段工藝，開(kāi)工周期為 8000 小時(shí) /年， 其中 原料 主要 組成為 C20 ， C3=， C30， iC40，等組分，按各組分的沸點(diǎn)和相對(duì)揮發(fā)度的不同使各組分分離 。本設(shè)計(jì)采用多組分精餾，按揮發(fā)度遞減流程方案，兩塔流程設(shè)計(jì)即脫乙烷塔分離出 C02，再由丙烯精餾塔塔底分出離出 C03和 C04及少量的水，塔頂?shù)玫奖?，其純度?%99 以上。丙 烯作為產(chǎn)品出裝置，為 下流 生產(chǎn)聚丙烯和異丙醇提供原料。塔底的丙烷作為商品或燒火油出裝置后作為商品出售或者做燒火油。 設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，依次進(jìn)行了物料衡算、熱量衡算、塔結(jié)構(gòu)的相關(guān)工藝計(jì)算，及換熱設(shè)備的計(jì)算及附屬設(shè)備的選型，并根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)分別繪制了自控流程圖。設(shè)備選型方面主要按照現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際，并兼顧工藝控制要求與經(jīng)濟(jì)合理性。 隨著先進(jìn)控制技術(shù)的興起，關(guān)鍵控制指標(biāo)由定值控制向區(qū)間控制轉(zhuǎn)變，調(diào)節(jié)變量與控制變量的關(guān)系由單對(duì)單向多變量預(yù)估控制轉(zhuǎn)變。它是裝置控制技術(shù)發(fā)展的方向，正在逐步普及。為了為裝置以后上先進(jìn)控制提供方便，我們?cè)谠O(shè)計(jì)時(shí) ，注意為塔頂溫度，塔底溫度，回流量等指標(biāo)保留較大的操作彈性。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：脫乙烷塔；丙烯精餾塔；物料衡算；熱量衡算； 2 Abstract This design is based on propylene refining unit for the prototype. My project topic is the annual output of 105,000 tons of refined gas fractionation plant, propylene, Section of Technology, started period 8000 hours / year, material position of C20, C3 =, C30, iC40, and other ponents, according to the boiling point of each ponent and relative volatility of the different ponents to separate. This design uses a multiponent distillation process by decreasing volatility program, process design of two towers that ethane tower isolated C02, then separation of propylene distillation tower bottom from the C03 and C04 and a small amount of water tower top by propylene, the purity of the above. Propylene as a product a device for the production of polypropylene and isopropyl alcohol to provide raw materials. Propane tower bottom oil as a modity or light a fire after a device sold as a modity, oil fires, or do. Design, in turn the mass balance, heat balance, the related technology tower structure calculation, and calculation of heat transfer equipment and ancillary equipment selection, and data were plotted according to the design automation flow chart. Equipment selection is done mainly according to the actual site, taking into account the process control requirements and economic rationality. With the rise of advanced control technology, the key control target range from the control value control to change, adjust the relationship between variables and control variables by a single pair of oneway transformation of multivariable predictive control. It is the device controlling the direction of technology development, is gradually spread. In order for the device to facilitate future advanced control, we design, attention to tower top temperature, the bottom of the column temperature and flow indicators are back to keep a large operation flexibility. Keywords: ethane tower。 propylene distillation column。 material balance。 heat balance。 3 氣分裝置發(fā)展概況 .................................................................................................................................... 1 氣分裝置的原料來(lái)源、組成 ................................................................................................................... 1 丙烯精制產(chǎn)品的用途、價(jià)值 ................................................................................................................... 1 分離方案的確定 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 丙烯精制設(shè)備確定 .................................................................................................................................... 2 丙烯精制工藝流程的敘述 ....................................................................................................................... 2 第 2 章丙烯精制的物料衡算 .....................................................................................................3 脫乙烷塔物料衡算 .................................................................................................................................... 3 原料組成及流量 .............................................................................................................................. 3 脫乙烷塔的物料平衡 ........................................................................................................................ 4 丙烯精制塔物料衡算 .............................................................................................................................. 5 丙烯精制塔物料平衡 ........................................................................................................................ 5 原料組成及流量 ................................................................................................................................. 6 第 3 章丙烯精制裝置工藝條件的計(jì)算 ........................................................................................7 脫乙烷塔工藝條件的確定 ....................................................................................................................... 7 操作壓力的確定 ................................................................................................................................. 7 回流溫度的確定 ................................................................................................................................. 7 塔頂溫度的計(jì)算 ................................................................................................................................. 8 塔底溫度的計(jì)算 ................................................................................................................................. 8 進(jìn)料溫度的計(jì)算 ................................................................................................................................. 9 脫乙烷塔操作條件匯總 .................................................................................................................... 9 丙烯精制塔工藝條件確定 ..................................................................................................................... 10 操作壓力的確定 ............................................................................................................................... 10 回流溫度的確定 ......................