【正文】 本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 長(zhǎng)安微型密封式垃圾車(chē) 設(shè)計(jì) 系部名稱 ： 汽車(chē)工程系 專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí) ： 車(chē)輛 學(xué)生姓名 ： 指導(dǎo)教師 ： 職 稱 ： 講 師 The Graduation Design for Bachelor39。s Degree Changan miniature Sealed the garbageTruck39。s design Candidate： Li Long sheng Specialty： Cars and Traffic Engineering Institute Class： B076 Supervisor： Lecturer Lv Degang Heilongjiang Institute of Technology I 摘 要 隨著我國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)一體化建設(shè)速度的加快，城市規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大，人口數(shù)量的增多，城市生活垃圾也隨之日益增多，城市對(duì)垃圾運(yùn)輸 車(chē)的需求將越來(lái)越大。據(jù)我國(guó)環(huán)衛(wèi)信息網(wǎng)統(tǒng)計(jì)計(jì)算，目前我國(guó)城市垃圾年產(chǎn)量已達(dá)到 億噸，并以每年 8%的速度增長(zhǎng)。而與此同時(shí)，我國(guó)城市垃圾的搜集和運(yùn)輸能力明顯不足，環(huán)衛(wèi)車(chē)輛的保有量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)到建設(shè)部《城鎮(zhèn)環(huán)境衛(wèi)生設(shè)施標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》 CJJ 272021 規(guī)定的 /萬(wàn)人配置標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。目前城鎮(zhèn)居民人口 億，若按配置標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，保有量缺口達(dá) 40%，但現(xiàn)有車(chē)輛 80%以上都在超負(fù)荷工作，滿足不了實(shí)際需要。由此，垃圾車(chē)的城市需求量每年都在 13000 輛以上，而且在逐年的遞增，課題所涉及的密封式垃圾車(chē)屬于新型專(zhuān)用汽車(chē)以其自身環(huán)保 性好已經(jīng)在我國(guó)已經(jīng)得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。 文中介紹了微型密封式垃圾車(chē)的設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明，敘述了在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題和解決方法，對(duì)于不同結(jié)構(gòu)的密封式垃圾車(chē)進(jìn)行比較，合理選用二類(lèi)底盤(pán)，并設(shè)計(jì)了密封式車(chē)廂以及液壓舉升機(jī)構(gòu)，選用正確的液壓缸來(lái)保證舉升機(jī)構(gòu)正常行。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 微型密封式垃圾車(chē)；密封車(chē)廂；專(zhuān)用汽車(chē)；液壓舉升；自卸 II ABSTRACT With China39。s urban integration to speed up, and the expansion of city scale, population increase, city life rubbish also subsequently increasing and cities on the garbage truck needs will bee greater and greater. According to China39。s environmental sanitation information s statistical analysis and calculation of urban garbage, at present our country has reached million tons annual, and with growing at 8 per cent a year. Meanwhile, China39。s urban garbage collection and transportation capacity is obviously deficiencies, sanitation vehicle quantities are far from reach construction ministry urban environment, sanitation standards CJJ 272021 car/million prescribed standards. Allocation Now urban population, if 375m according to standard requirements, quantities gap, but current vehicles a 40 percent more than 80% are overworked, cannot satisfy the actual needs. Thus, the city garbage every year in demand, and in more than 13,000 car increasing year by year, subject involves the sealed truck belongs to the new special vehicle to its own environmental protection in our country has good have widely application. This paper introduces the design of miniature sealed truck that describes in the design process on the problems and solutions, for different structure parison, garbage sealedbid rational selection, and design a second chassis sealed carriage and hydraulic lifting mechanism, choose the correct hydraulic cylinder to ensure the normal operation of lifting mechanism. Keywords: Miniature Sealed Truck。 Sealed Carriage。 Special Vehicle。 Hydraulic Lifter。Tipping i 目 錄 摘要 ........................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ............................................................................................................................... II 第 1 章 緒論 ....................................................................................................................... 1 微型密封式垃圾車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)的意義和目的 ....................................................................1 微型密封式垃圾車(chē)的設(shè)計(jì)意義 ......................................................................1 微型密封式垃圾車(chē)的設(shè)計(jì)目的 ......................................................................1 微型密封式垃圾車(chē)的研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展 ....................................................................1 微型密封式垃圾車(chē)的發(fā)展前景 ......................................................................1 密封式垃圾車(chē)不同結(jié)構(gòu)形式的比較 ........................................................................2 設(shè)計(jì)主要內(nèi)容 ...........................................................................................................2 第 2 章 長(zhǎng)安微型密封式垃圾車(chē)的總體設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................... 4 整車(chē)主要參數(shù)的確定 ................................................................................................4 尺寸參數(shù) ..........................................................................................................4 二類(lèi)底盤(pán)的選擇以及參數(shù)的確定 ..................................................................4 車(chē)廂的總體設(shè)計(jì)及質(zhì)量參數(shù)確定 ...........................................................................5 車(chē)廂的尺寸確定 ..............................................................................................5 整車(chē)質(zhì)量參數(shù)確定 ..........................................................................................5 車(chē)廂承載最大垃圾密度 ..................................................................................6 副車(chē)架的計(jì)算 ............................................................................................................6 縱梁彎曲應(yīng)力計(jì)算 .........................................................................................6 局部扭轉(zhuǎn)應(yīng)力計(jì)算 ..........................................................................................8 車(chē)架扭轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)縱梁應(yīng)力計(jì)算 .............................................................................8 車(chē)架載荷分析 .................................................................................................8 車(chē)架彎曲強(qiáng)度的計(jì)算 ......................................................................................9 車(chē)架扭轉(zhuǎn)應(yīng)力的計(jì)算 ...................................................................................12 第 3 章 液壓舉升機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ..........................................................................................16 舉升機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)思路 .................................................................................................16 初步設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................16 ii 舉升機(jī)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)型式的分類(lèi)及特點(diǎn) ..........................................................................16 舉升機(jī)構(gòu)型式的分析與選擇 ..................................................................................18 舉升機(jī)構(gòu)的具體設(shè)計(jì) .............................