【正文】 第一篇：英語學習_高中英語定語從句講解及練習_必備范文定于從句是高中重點知識，也是高考?？键c，大家也不容易掌握，這篇文章主要教你關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句 判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 限制性和非限制性定語從句等內(nèi)容，有例題講解定語從句在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。 關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。1）who, whom, that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語和賓語。例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）He is the man whom/ that I saw 。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）2）whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken ，大家都跑過去幫忙。Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is 。3）which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the 。（which / that在句中作賓語）The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to e 。（which / that在句中作賓語） 關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。1）關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例如：There are occasions when（on which）one must 。Beijing is the place where（in which）I was 。Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？ 2）that代替關(guān)系副詞，可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介+which”引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略。例如：His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was 。He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years 。 判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last 。I39。ll never forget the days when I worked together with 。判斷改錯：（錯）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對）This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year.（對）I39。ll never forget the days（which）I spent in the where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。 this museum ___ you visited a few days age? which one this the museum ____ the exhibition was which one 答案：例1 D，例2 A 例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was ，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D。而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞（where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語）。 限制性和非限制性定語從句1）定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開。例如：This is the house which we bought last 。（限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very ，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）2）當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last ?史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely 。This novel, which I have read three times, is very ，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。3）非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets ，這使我心煩。Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called ，這就叫做蒸發(fā)。說明：關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。 介詞+關(guān)系詞1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。2）that前不能有介詞。3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的“介詞+關(guān)系詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 互換。例如：This is the house in which I lived two years 。This is the house where I lived two years you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？Do you remember the day when you joined our club? as, which 非限定性定語從句由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：As we know, smoking is harmful to one39。s ，吸煙有害健康。The sun heats the earth, which is very important to ，這對我們?nèi)祟惡苤匾?。典型例題1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a ，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：（1）as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。（2）as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.。在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應(yīng)為B。as 的用法 same…as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu), 和……一樣……。例如：I have got into the same trouble as he（has）.我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。，常帶有39。正如39。例如：As we know, smoking is harmful to one39。s ，吸煙有害健康。As is known, smoking is harmful to one39。s 。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。 先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合一1）Whoever spits in public will be punished here.（Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）2）The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替） what/whatever。that/what。who/whoever 1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如：What you want has been sent 。Whatever you want makes no difference to ，跟我沒什么關(guān)系。2）who= the person that whoever= anyone who。例如：（錯）Who breaks the law will be punished.（錯）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.（對）Whoever breaks the law will be ，與庶民同罪。（對）Who robbed the bank is not 。3）that 和 what當that引導定語從句時，通常用作關(guān)系代詞，而引導名詞性從句時，是個不充當任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that常可省略。What只能引導名詞性從句，用作連接代詞，作從句的具體成分，且不能省略。例如：I think（that）you will like the 。What we need is more 。 關(guān)系代詞that 的用法 1）不用that的情況a）引導非限定性定語從句時。例如：（錯）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous ）介詞后不能用。例如：We depend on the land from which we get our 。We depend on the land that/which we get our food ）只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況a）在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。b）在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。c）先行詞有the only, the very修飾時，只用that。d）先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。.e）先行詞既有人，又有物時。例如：All that is needed is a supply of 。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the 。第二篇：高中英語定語從句講解及練習定語從句定語從句及相關(guān)術(shù)語：修飾一個名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。：引導定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；關(guān)系副詞有where, when, why等。關(guān)系詞常有3個作用：1，引導定語從句。2，代替先行詞。3在定語從句中擔當一個成分。