【正文】 遼寧科技學(xué)院本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 I 頁 年 處理 16 萬噸 焦油焦油車間 蒸餾工段 初步設(shè)計(jì) （一） 摘 要 本次設(shè)計(jì)的題目是年產(chǎn) 16 萬噸 焦油焦油車間 蒸餾工段工藝初步設(shè)計(jì)，焦油蒸餾采用兩塔連續(xù)式餾分工藝流程。通過已知數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算整個(gè)生產(chǎn) 過程的主要設(shè)備的工藝尺寸，并進(jìn)行非工藝部分的設(shè)計(jì)。詳細(xì)論述 了 工藝流程。 本設(shè)計(jì)的主體設(shè)備是管式爐，主要進(jìn)行管式爐的物料衡算、能量衡算及具體的工藝尺寸計(jì)算，并繪制成圖。此外還進(jìn)行蒽塔 和餾分塔的 物料衡算和 熱量衡算對(duì) 蒽塔 、 餾份塔 、 冷凝冷卻器 等設(shè)備 進(jìn)行計(jì)算與選型。 本設(shè)計(jì)的專題是 瀝青冷卻生產(chǎn)工藝探討 ，詳細(xì)論述目前瀝青冷卻的工藝流程、瀝青冷 卻工業(yè)中所產(chǎn)生的問題 —— 瀝青煙的凈化。 最后根據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)及資料進(jìn)行非工藝部分的簡要論述。完成工藝流程圖、蒸餾車間的設(shè)備布置圖、平面立面布置圖和主體設(shè)備（管式爐）圖。 關(guān)鍵詞： 焦油 蒸餾， 管式爐 ， 瀝青 遼寧科技學(xué)院本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 II 頁 The preliminary design of distilling section of coal tar workshop with the scale dealing of 160,000 tons coal tar per year（一） Abstract The topic of the design is the preliminary design of distilling section of coal tar workshop with the scale dealing of 160,000 tons coal tar per year, the distillation process uses two tower continual type of technical process. Major equipment 39。s craft size of production process is calculated by the known data, and the design of the noncraft part has been carried on. The technical process is elaborated. The main equipment pipe still is calculated, including material balance, energy balanceand and size of the pipe stil, and the chart of that has been worked out. In addition the materiala balance and heat balance of anthracene tower and the fraction tower is calculated and the craft size of that is dfinited. The special topic of the design is study on production technology of cooling asphalt. the cooling production technology and cleansing of asphalt gas in different craft have been discussed in detail. Finally, according to the data and the material, the noncraft part is carried on. The drafting including the flow sheet with controlled point, the quipment layout plans and the main equipment pipe still have been drawn. Key word: tar distillation, pipe still, asphalt 遼寧科技學(xué)院本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 III 頁 目錄 1緒論 ............................................................................................................................. 1 煤化工生產(chǎn)的國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................ 1 發(fā)展煤化工產(chǎn)業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)意義 ............................................................................ 2 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù) ............................................................................................................ 3 2 生產(chǎn)工藝流程和設(shè)備的論述 ..................................................................................... 4 工藝流程的論述 ................................................................................................ 4 原料及產(chǎn)品 ..................................................................................................... 4 生產(chǎn)工藝的論述 ............................................................................................. 5 設(shè)備的論述 ........................................................................................................ 6 管式爐的工作原理 ......................................................................................... 6 管式爐的選型 ................................................................................................. 7 塔設(shè)備的選型 ................................................................................................. 8 3 工藝計(jì)算及設(shè)備選型 ............................................................................................... 10 物料與熱量衡算 .............................................................................................. 10 計(jì)算條件及操作制度 ................................................................................... 10 燃燒過程的計(jì)算 ........................................................................................... 11 耗熱量和煤氣用量的計(jì)算 ........................................................................... 14 管式爐的計(jì)算與選型 ...................................................................................... 19 輻射段計(jì)算 ................................................................................................... 19 對(duì)流段的計(jì)算 ............................................................................................... 26 爐管壓力降計(jì)算 ........................................................................................... 35 煙囪計(jì)算 ....................................................................................................... 40 其他設(shè)備的計(jì)算的和選型 .............................................................................. 46 蒽塔的 選型 ................................................................................................... 46 瀝青高置槽 .................................................................................................. 47 一次蒸發(fā)器 .................................................................................................. 47 二段蒸發(fā)器 ................................................................................................... 48 其他冷卻器的選型 ....................................................................................... 48 遼寧科技學(xué)院本科生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 IV頁 4非工藝部分 ............................................................................................................... 51 廠址的選擇 ...................................................................................................... 51 土建 ................................................................................................................. 51 防火防爆 .......................................................................................................... 51 選擇適宜的輸送設(shè)備 ................................................................................... 51 控制和消除明火與摩擦、撞擊火花 ........................................................... 52 安全裝置 ....................................................................................................... 52 焦化廠的防火防爆事項(xiàng) .............................................................