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沈陽化工大學 本科畢業(yè)論文 題 目: 年產(chǎn) 2300噸氯蠟 70工藝設(shè)計 院 系: 化學工程學院 專 業(yè): 化學工程與工藝 班 級: 學生姓名: 指導教師: 論文提交日期: 年 月 日 論文答辯日期: 2021 年 月 日 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)任務(wù)書 化學工程 學院 化學工程與工藝 專業(yè) 202108 班學生 王 昊 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)題目: 年產(chǎn) 2300 噸氯蠟 70 裝置工藝設(shè)計 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)內(nèi)容: 工藝流程設(shè)計、工藝條件選擇; 物料衡算、熱量衡算,主要設(shè)備工藝尺寸計算; 繪制帶控制點的工藝流程圖。 指 導教 師: 簽字 2021 年 06 月 日 教研室主任: 簽字 2021 年 06 月 日 院 長: 簽字 2021 年 06 月 日 2 摘要 氯化石蠟的分子式為 C25H30Cl22 或 C24H29Cl2,它是飽和的 C1030 直鏈正構(gòu)石蠟烴的氯化衍生物, 用作不飽和聚酯專用阻燃劑,鈣塑材料和地毯后背阻燃劑,防水涂料、合成纖維、木材或木纖維、聚烯烴和聚氯乙烯等的阻燃劑。還可作為光亮劑、滲透劑和乳化促進劑,也可用于膠泥、油墨中。 氯蠟 70,簡稱 RCl70,外觀為白色或淡黃色粉末,分子式可用 C25H30Cl22或 C24H29Cl21表示,平均分子量 1 060~ 1100, 熔點 108℃,密度 。氯化石蠟 70 的化學穩(wěn)定性好,在常溫下不與水、氧化劑、稀堿溶液反應。它無味、無毒,可溶于多種有機溶劑 (如丙酮、甲乙酮、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、四氯化碳、三氯乙烷、 ),但不溶于水和低級醇類 (如甲醇、異丙醇和正丁醇氯化石蠟是石蠟氯化得到的產(chǎn)品,當氯質(zhì)量分數(shù)為 70%時稱氯化石蠟 70。氯化石蠟 70又稱氯烴等 )。 參照沈陽化工股份有限公司氯蠟 70 裝置,設(shè)計了年產(chǎn) 2300 噸氯蠟裝置的工藝設(shè)計 . 本設(shè)計以液態(tài)石蠟和氯氣為原料,熱氯化的方法生產(chǎn)氯化石蠟 70。主要確定了氯化石蠟的生產(chǎn)工 藝,由火車槽車運來的精重蠟,用泵卸入蠟貯罐,在貯罐內(nèi)脫水后用泵打入三樓蠟高位槽,經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)子流量計流入硅膠吸附塔和活性碳吸附塔,由活性碳吸附塔出來的蠟進入精制蠟罐,再用泵打入三樓計量罐,定量加入氯化槽,氯化所產(chǎn)生的尾氣經(jīng)緩沖罐送去合成鹽酸,氯化所得的氯化石蠟送精制槽脫酸精制后包裝。本設(shè)計對氯化段進行了熱量衡算和物料衡算,對精制段進行了物料衡算,并對蠟儲罐、泵、高位槽、低位槽、氯化槽、換熱器、精制槽、尾氣分離器、緩沖罐、堿循環(huán)罐和穩(wěn)定劑罐等生產(chǎn)設(shè)備進行了工藝參數(shù)的確定以及設(shè)備尺寸的計 3 算與選型。對氯化石蠟的主要生產(chǎn)設(shè) 備氯化槽和精制槽進行了設(shè)計選型,氯化槽選用型號為: HG/T237292,設(shè)備臺數(shù)為 2 臺,精制槽選用型號為: HG/T237292 設(shè)備數(shù)為 1 臺,本設(shè)計選用石墨換熱器,選用型號為: GHA45020。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 氯化石蠟; 增塑劑;熱氯化法;設(shè)計 4 Abstract Chlorinated paraffin or C24H29Cl2 formula C25H30Cl22, The formulas for C25H30Cl22 chlorinated paraffin or C24H29Cl2, it is saturated C1030 straight chain paraffin hydrocarbons are chlorinated derivatives of structure, as a special flame retardant unsaturated polyester, Gaisu flame retardant materials and carpet back , Waterproof paint, synthetic fibers, wood or wood fiber, polyolefin and polyvinyl chloride and other flame retardants. Also as a brightener, and emulsified perant enhancers can also be used for clay, ink. Chlorinated Paraffin 70, referred to as RCl70, white or light yellow powder formula that can be C25H30Cl22 or C24H29Cl21 average molecular weight of 1060 to 1100, melting point 108 ℃ , density Paraffin 70 chemical stability, not with water at room temperature, oxidizing agents, dilute alkali solution reaction. It is tasteless, nontoxic, soluble in most anic solvents (such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, benzene, toluene, xylene, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform,), but does not dissolve in water and lower alcohols (eg methanol, Propanol and butanol is chlorinated paraffin chlorinated paraffin products obtained, when the chlorine content was 70%, said paraffin 70. 70, also known as chlorine paraffin hydrocarbons, etc.). Refer to shenyang chemical Co., LTD. Of chlorine wax 70 device designed capacity, with 2, 300 tons of chlorine wax device. The design of process design with liquid paraffin and chlorine as raw materials, heat chlorinated paraffin method of producing chlorinated 70. Main determines the 5 chlorinated paraffin wax production craft, by train to fine chemicals with pump discharge, heavy wax wax in storage tank, the dehydration after scoring in third floor wax with pump rotor slot, the high silica adsorption tower and flow meter by activated carbon adsorption tower, DaChu adsorption of wax into the refined wax, reoccupy pump into the third floor measuring tank, quantitative join chlorinated trough, chlorinated generated by buffer tank tail to the synthesis of hydrochloric acid, chlorinated paraffin refining slot chloride sent off after packing. Refined acid, And the wax tanks, wax pump, high, low, chlorine tank slot GuoLvGuan, chlorinated trough, cooler, refined trough, exhaust gas separator filters, buffer tank, alkali circulation cans stabilizer production equipment can the material and heat balance, and analyses the process parameters of the size of the equipment and the calculation and selection. The main production of chlorinated paraffin refining equipment chlorinated slot and the technological design, tank choose model for: chlorinated slot F GTBS HG mercol/T237292, equipment sets for 2, refined trough selects model for: F GTBS HG mercol/T237292 equipment for 1, this design, selection of graphite heat exchanger type: GHA45020. Key words: chlorinated paraffins。 plasticizer。 thermal chlorination。 design 6 目 錄 第一章 氯化石蠟 70 的概述 ............................................................................ 1 氯化石蠟的物化性質(zhì) ........................................................................... 1 氯化石蠟的來源 ................................................................................... 1 氯化石蠟的生產(chǎn)工藝 ........................................................................... 1 氯化石蠟 的應用 ................................................................................... 4 氯化石蠟的市場前景及發(fā)展建議 ........................................................ 5 第二章 氯蠟 70 生產(chǎn)工藝技術(shù)簡介 ................................................................ 9 產(chǎn)品說明 ............................................................................................... 9 產(chǎn)品性質(zhì) .................................................................................... 9 產(chǎn)品規(guī)格 .................................................................................... 9 氯化石蠟的質(zhì)量指標 ................................................................ 10 產(chǎn)品的性能與用途 ................................................................... 10 產(chǎn)品包裝、運輸及貯存 ........................................................... 10 主要原料性能與規(guī)格 .........................