【正文】 摘 要 辦公自動(dòng)化 (Office Automation，簡(jiǎn)稱 OA)一詞從八十年代中期在國(guó)內(nèi)提出，十幾年來(lái)，辦公自動(dòng)化從以數(shù)據(jù)為處理中心的傳統(tǒng) MIS 系統(tǒng)發(fā)展為今天以工作流為中心的辦公自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng) ,有了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步。 然而，在實(shí)際的應(yīng)用當(dāng)中，成功的案例卻并不多見(jiàn)。甚至到目前為止，很多單位在辦公自動(dòng)化建設(shè)過(guò)程中，也常常陷入了“信息化陷阱”當(dāng)中。我們經(jīng)常會(huì)聽(tīng)到用戶抱怨開(kāi)發(fā)者開(kāi)發(fā)幾年都沒(méi)有開(kāi)發(fā)出一套完善的系統(tǒng)。而開(kāi)發(fā)者卻抱怨用戶在開(kāi)發(fā)前提不出明確的需求，在開(kāi)發(fā)中途又頻頻地改變需求。于是，開(kāi)發(fā)者便不斷地修改程序，以應(yīng)付 不斷變化的需求。從而使 OA 的開(kāi)發(fā)便陷入了“需求不斷變化、軟件不斷修改、周期不斷延長(zhǎng)、效果難以預(yù)料”的尷尬局面。 2021年年底，我供職的包頭市財(cái)政 信息中心為財(cái)政局局里建立了一套 NOTES版本的 C/S 架構(gòu)辦公自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)。經(jīng)過(guò)兩年的使用，效果并不是很好，主要是很難滿足復(fù)雜的公文流轉(zhuǎn)。因此決定重新開(kāi)發(fā)一套能夠用以處理其內(nèi)部復(fù)雜繁重的公文處理業(yè)務(wù)的辦公自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)，并于 2021 年立項(xiàng)。此項(xiàng)目的總體實(shí)施由信息中心統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、協(xié)調(diào)，與清華同方公司共同進(jìn)行軟件設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)。本人主要負(fù)責(zé)設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件中的公文流轉(zhuǎn)的工作流定義 。 經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)我局日常公文處理工作的充分調(diào)研，深入了解了業(yè)務(wù)處理流程、歸納總結(jié)各種需求后提出： 本軟件需要解決的主要內(nèi)容是對(duì)靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公系統(tǒng)的調(diào)研和開(kāi)發(fā)，實(shí)現(xiàn)用戶對(duì)系統(tǒng)的適用性要求，并要求 本軟件具有較好的通用性，并通過(guò)友好的 Web 界面實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件的所有操作。 系統(tǒng)通過(guò)對(duì)關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的操作實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)辦公系統(tǒng)的靈活設(shè)置。本文首先介紹了靈活辦公自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)的背景，接下來(lái)對(duì)其總體結(jié)構(gòu)、工作流程、工作模式進(jìn)行了分析、說(shuō)明，然后主要論述了工作流 定義 的分析、設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)，最后總結(jié)了開(kāi)發(fā) 軟件中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和不足，提出進(jìn)一步調(diào)整、改進(jìn)公文流 轉(zhuǎn)軟件的一些設(shè)想 。 關(guān)鍵字： 靈活結(jié)構(gòu) , B/S 結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng) ,RBAC,OMG,RAD IMPLEMENTATION OF FLEXIBLE STRUCTURE OFFICE AUTOMATION WORKFLOW ABSTRACT In the last decade, Office Automation (OA as the shortened form) has grow dramatically into processflowfocused system since the inception of office automation in china in the middle of 1980s39。 when office automation was widely accepted as MIS focus on data process. But there are few successful pletion of Office Automation in practical scene. Current effort in Office Automation development is struggling with “Information Chaos” .We all frequently heard of customers plaining about technicians who cannot have the system done in a matter of months or even years while engineers object that customers cannot address an definition of requirement in the first stage of requirements analysis, even cannot address it during system implementation the second stage of building an office automation solution. So programmers have to frequently add new technologies to meet customers39。 evolving needs and execution of office automation application is confronted with problemsof ever changing implementation due to rapidly changing needs of customers, extension of timeline, and unpredictable performance of application system. Baotou’s Finance Information Center which I work for set up an office automation system (NOTES Edition) based on C/S for Finance Bureau. This system can’t meet the plicated transfer of document. There is no well effect throughout two year’s use. So we decide to develop a new office automation system which can deal with the plex and heavy document operation and establish project at 2021. This project is led and corresponded by Information Center, designed and developed with Tsinghua TONGFANG Company. I take charge the design and implement of the transfer of document’s Workflow definition. Through the sufficient research of the Bureau’s daily document operation， we conclude all needs and then put forward the main problem which needs this system to solve. It is achieving user’s applicability need, having well currency, and implement all operation via friendly Web interface. Configuring agility to office system e true by operating the relational database. This paper anized as follows: fist part gives the background of flexible structure office system’s development. Then analyses and explains the architecture, work flow, work pattern, discusses the design and implement of Workflow definition and document transmittal. Last part we conclude the experience and shortage of software developing, and propose some imagination for improving the system. KEYWORDS： flexible structure, B/S structure system, RBAC, OMG, RAD 目 錄 第一章 緒論 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1. 1 引言 ........................................................................................................................................... 1 系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)的背景和意義 .......................................................................................................... 1 第二 章 靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公自動(dòng)化平臺(tái)和工作流概述 ............................................................................ 4 靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公自動(dòng)化平臺(tái)概述 ................................................................................................ 4 使用靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公的原因 ............................................................................................... 4 靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公自動(dòng)化的探索 ........................................................................................... 5 現(xiàn)有的辦公系統(tǒng)的分析 ...................................................................................................... 6 系統(tǒng)構(gòu)架設(shè)計(jì)基本原則 ................................................................................................... 8 工作流概述 ............................................................................................................................ 10 第 三 章 軟件概論 .............................................................................................................................. 12 軟件結(jié)構(gòu)和技術(shù)手段 ............................................................................................................ 12 軟件特點(diǎn)及軟件環(huán)境 ............................................................................................................ 14 第 四 章 設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí) 現(xiàn) ........................................................................................................................ 16 分析與設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................................. 16 總體設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................................ 16 公文流轉(zhuǎn)控制方法 ............................................................................................................ 21 公文流轉(zhuǎn)流程的設(shè)定 ........................................................................................................