【正文】 摘要 摘要 小功率光伏或燃料電池發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，因?yàn)殡姵仉妷汉艿?，通常需要電壓增益高達(dá) 10 倍以上的直流變換器將其升壓后經(jīng)逆變器輸出。經(jīng)典 Boost 變換器要實(shí)現(xiàn)高電壓增益需寬占空比導(dǎo)通，然而寬占空比導(dǎo)通、高壓輸出下二極管反向恢復(fù)會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的開關(guān)損耗及電磁干擾等問題；高匝比的反激變換器可以實(shí)現(xiàn)高電壓增益，但在低壓輸入高壓輸出的場合原邊匝數(shù)少，漏感大，需箝位電路限制開關(guān)器件電壓應(yīng)力， 能量不能高效地傳輸。 主要研究內(nèi)容如下：闡述了 FlybackBoost 非隔離型高增益直流變換器工作原理，并在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了各個(gè)元 器件的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)比傳統(tǒng) Boost 直流變換器的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，保留了傳統(tǒng) Flyback 變換器器件數(shù)目少、電路結(jié)構(gòu)簡單的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)又具有電壓增益和效率高的特點(diǎn)，確定了基于串聯(lián)技術(shù)直流變換器總體設(shè)計(jì)方案。 分析了直流 直流變換器的動(dòng)態(tài)特性，并對(duì)直流變換器進(jìn)行了建模，然后根據(jù)得到的模型設(shè)計(jì)了合適的 PI 控制器，減少了動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)時(shí)間，提高了噪聲抑制性能，增強(qiáng)了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)特性。采用邊界整定法試湊出滿足要求的 PID 參數(shù)，給出了合理合乎指標(biāo)要求的PID 參數(shù)。 對(duì)基于串聯(lián)技術(shù)的直流變換器不同的工作模式進(jìn)行了仿真調(diào)試，測試了在不同條 件下的輸出電壓、電流波形。通過分析仿真結(jié)果，驗(yàn)證了該變換器的可行性，實(shí)現(xiàn)了高升壓比和低紋波輸出。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：高增益；反激升壓；單開關(guān)管；低紋波 Abstract Low power photovoltaic or fuel cell power generation system, because the battery voltage is low, usually need to dc converter voltage gain as much as more than 10 times of its booster after the inverter Boost converter to achieve high voltage gain pared to wide conduction, however wide under the duty ratio conduction, high voltage output diode reverse recovery willcause serious switching loss and emi problem。High turn ratio of the flyback converter can achieve high voltage gain, but in place of low voltage input highvoltage output less the original edge number of turns, the leakage inductance of the big, need to clamp circuit limit switch voltage stress, energy of effective transmission. The main contents are as follows: elaborated FlybackBoost nonisolated DCDC converter works in high this basis, the design parameters of various ponents is to advantages and disadvantages of the traditional Boost DCDC converter, this device preserves the advantagesthe oftraditional Flyback converter device which are less number ponents ,small and simple circuit structure , but also has a high voltage gain and it determines this DC converter based on the cascade technology. Analysis of DC converter dynamic characteristic, and DC converter is get design PI from controllerthe right model ,which can reduces the dynamic response time, improves noise immunity, and enhances the system Steady setting method is used to make the meet the requirements of PID parameters, gives the reasonable index requirements of PID parameters. Based on the series of DC converter technology different modes of simulation debugging, output voltage and current waveforms are tested under different conditions. By analyzing the simulation results, the feasibility of the converter to achieve a high boost ratio and low output ripple. Key words: high gain； Flyback_boost； single_switch； low output ripple 目錄 I 目錄 第 1 章 緒論 .................................................................................................................................... 1 升壓變換器的歷史背景 ................................................................................................ 1 開發(fā)新能源的緊迫性與可再生能源的開發(fā) ................................................................. 1 高增益變換器的現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................................. 2 開關(guān)單元高增益直流變換器 ...................................................................................... 2 耦合電感高增益直流變換器 ...................................................................................... 3 傳統(tǒng)的 Boost 變換器工作原理 ..................................................................................... 4 Flyback 電路工作原理 ................................................................................................... 6 本文的研究內(nèi)容及意義 ....................................................................................................... 7 第 2 章 Boostflyback 變換器 ............................................................................................................ 8 變換器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)與工作過程 ............................................................................. 8 拓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)及其工作原理 .............................................................................................. 8 拓?fù)涔ぷ鬟^程分析 ................................................................................. 9 Boost DCDC 變換器模型 .................................................................................................... 11 本章小結(jié) ...........................................................................................................................13 第 3 章 電路參數(shù)計(jì)算及控制器設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................14 設(shè)計(jì)要求： ........................................................................................................................14 ..........................................................................................................14 MOS 管參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................14 濾波電容參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................................15 電感值計(jì)算： ..........................................................................................................16 Boost 電路二極管設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................................16 控制器設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................................16 控制器的應(yīng)用背景 ...................................................................................................16 控制器設(shè)計(jì) ..............................................................................................................17 PID 參數(shù)整 定口訣： .................................................................................................18 試湊法求 PI 參數(shù) .....................................................................................................18 試湊數(shù)據(jù)總結(jié)： .......................................................................................................2