【正文】
內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) 基于 ? 射線管材壁厚連續(xù)測(cè)量系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 由于 管材的局部嚴(yán)重減薄會(huì)對(duì)管道的安全運(yùn)行構(gòu)成威脅 ,所以在管材的使用過(guò)程中,需要定期對(duì)管材的厚度進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。 作為同位素儀表的一個(gè)分支, γ 射線測(cè)厚儀在工業(yè)測(cè)量中也越來(lái)越多地發(fā)揮重要作用。 γ 射線測(cè)厚儀由 γ 放射源、探測(cè) 器、信號(hào)處理電路這三部分組成。 本設(shè)計(jì) 是 對(duì) 管材的 壁厚 進(jìn)行 連續(xù) 檢測(cè) ,其中采用虛擬儀器 對(duì) γ 射線 測(cè)厚儀進(jìn)行 控制 ,取代了傳統(tǒng)的單片機(jī) 控制 。 主要有 這 兩方面的內(nèi)容 : 其 一、 γ 射線 連續(xù) 測(cè)厚 系統(tǒng) 的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 。 由于 電流 電離室出來(lái)的信號(hào)很 微弱,需要運(yùn)用 信號(hào) 放大電路對(duì)其進(jìn)行放大后送給數(shù)據(jù)采集卡。 其 二、基于虛擬儀器的軟件設(shè)計(jì)。其中信號(hào)的處理將采用 LabVIEW 來(lái)完成。主要考慮信號(hào)的濾波 和 放大 ,接著 再 進(jìn)行標(biāo)度變換,最后 的管材壁厚值分別用波形圖和具體數(shù)值顯示。 關(guān)鍵詞: 同位素儀表 ; γ射線; 虛擬儀器 ; 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡; 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) γ raybased measurement system for pipe wall thickness design Abstract As a result of severe local thinning pipe pipeline would pose a threat to the safe operation, so the use of tubes, the need to regularly test the thickness of pipe. Instrument as a branch of the isotope, γray thickness measurement in industry is also increasingly playing an important role. γ by γray thickness gauge sources, detectors, signal processing circuit which is posed of three parts. The design of the wall thickness of pipe for continuous detection, in which the use of virtual machines on the γray Thickness Gauge control to replace the traditional singlechip control. There are two aspects: first, γray thickness measurement system for hardware design. As the current from the ionization chamber signal is very weak, need to use their signal amplification circuit to the data acquisition card. Second, based on virtual instrument software design. Signal processing which will be used to plete LabVIEW. The main consideration signal filtering and amplification, and then scaling to transform, the final value of the pipe wall thickness, respectively, and specific numerical waveform display. Key words: Isotope Instrumentation。 γray。 virtual instrument。 data acquisition card。 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) 目 錄 摘 要 ......................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 第一章 引 言 ............................................................................................................................ 1 課題研究的背景和意義 ............................................................................................. 1 研究背景 .......................................................................................................... 1 研究意義 .......................................................................................................... 1 無(wú)損檢測(cè)技術(shù) ............................................................................................................. 1 無(wú)損檢測(cè)的概述 .............................................................................................. 1 無(wú)損檢測(cè)的方法 .............................................................................................. 2 無(wú)損檢測(cè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) .............................................................................. 4 管材壁厚測(cè)量的方法 ................................................................................................. 4 x 射線測(cè)厚儀 ................................................................................................... 4 超聲波測(cè)厚儀 .................................................................................................. 5 ? 射線測(cè)厚儀 ................................................................................................... 5 第二章 透射式 ? 射線測(cè)厚儀 ................................................................................................... 7 ? 射線的簡(jiǎn)述 .............................................................................................................. 7 ? 射線與物質(zhì)相互作用的形式 .................................................................................. 7 光電效應(yīng) .......................................................................................................... 7 康普頓效應(yīng) ...................................................................................................... 8 電子對(duì)效應(yīng) ...................................................................................................... 8 ? 射線測(cè)厚儀 .............................................................................................................. 9 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) 透射式 ? 射線測(cè)厚儀 ....................................................................................... 9 散射式 ? 射線測(cè)厚儀 ..................................................................................... 10 透射式 ? 射線測(cè)厚儀的組成 .................................................................................... 10 放射源 .............................................................................................................11 探測(cè)器 .............................................................................................................11 透射式 ? 射線測(cè)厚儀的工作原理 ............................................................................ 12 第三章 基于 ? 射線連續(xù)測(cè)厚系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................... 14 硬件基本結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................................................... 14 137 Cs 放射源 ............................................................................................................. 14 電流電離室 ............................................................................................................... 15 信號(hào)放大電路 ........................................................................................................... 16 PCI6221 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡 ................................................................................................ 17 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的概述 ........................................................................................ 17 PCI6221 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的組成 ......................................................................... 18 PCI6221 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的規(guī)格及其引腳圖 .