【正文】
武漢理工大學(xué)《數(shù)字信號(hào)處理》 基于遺傳算法的 IIR 數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)與仿真 班級(jí): 組員: 武漢理工大學(xué)《數(shù)字信號(hào)處理》 目錄 摘要 ................................................................................................................................ 1 Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 2 1 遺 傳算法 .................................................................................................................... 3 遺傳算法的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展 ................................................................................ 3 遺傳算法的概述 ............................................................................................ 4 遺傳算法的特點(diǎn) ............................................................................................ 4 遺傳算法基本流程 操作 ................................................................................ 5 2 數(shù)字濾波器 ................................................................................................................ 8 數(shù)字濾波器的簡(jiǎn)介 ......................................................................................... 8 FIR 和 IIR 數(shù)字濾波器的概述 ...................................................................... 8 FIR 數(shù)字濾波 器 ................................................................................... 8 IIR 數(shù)字濾波器 .................................................................................... 9 FIR 數(shù)字濾波器與 IIR 數(shù)字濾波器的區(qū)別 .................................... 10 3 數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)方法 ......................................................................................... 11 數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)要求 ............................................................................... 11 4 基于遺傳算法的 IIR 數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)與仿真 ................................................. 14 Matlab 軟件的概述 ...................................................................................... 14 IIR 數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................ 14 數(shù)字濾波器設(shè)計(jì)的簡(jiǎn)要分析 ............................................................ 14 實(shí)例比較一般 算法 設(shè)計(jì)思路和遺傳算法設(shè)計(jì)思路 ........................ 16 IIR 數(shù)字濾波器的仿真結(jié)果 ........................................................................ 20 仿真圖形 ............................................................................................ 20 5 小結(jié) .......................................................................................................................... 21 6 參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................................................................................. 22 附件 .............................................................................................................................. 23 武漢理工大學(xué)《數(shù)字信號(hào)處理》 1 摘要 無(wú)限 脈沖響應(yīng)數(shù)字濾波器 (IIR)具有頻特性精度高 、 實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在數(shù)字信號(hào)處理領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛應(yīng)用 ; 遺傳算法是一類(lèi) 依自然環(huán)境的進(jìn)化規(guī)律 —— 適者生存優(yōu)勝劣汰遺傳機(jī)制 , 演化而來(lái)的隨機(jī)化搜索方法。它是由美國(guó) 教授 1975 年最先提出 , 其主要特點(diǎn)是直接對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)象進(jìn)行操作 , 不存在求導(dǎo)和函數(shù)連續(xù)性的限定 , 具有內(nèi)在的隱并行性和更好的全局尋優(yōu)能力 , 采用概率化的尋優(yōu)方法 , 能自動(dòng)獲取和指導(dǎo)優(yōu)化的搜索空間 , 自適應(yīng)地調(diào)整搜索方向 , 不需要確定的規(guī)則。遺傳算法的這些性質(zhì)已被廣泛地應(yīng)用于問(wèn)題求解、機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)、信號(hào)處理、智能控制和人工生命等領(lǐng)域。它是現(xiàn)代有關(guān)智能計(jì)算中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù) , 因而將其應(yīng)用在數(shù)字濾波器算法的優(yōu)化上。 關(guān)鍵詞: IIR 數(shù)字濾波器 遺傳算法 武漢理工大學(xué)《數(shù)字信號(hào)處理》 2 Abstract Digital filter with Finite Impulse Response(FIR)has lots of advantages,such as systemic stability,linear phase, etc. It has been widely used in digital signal processing. The geic algorithm has lots of merits, such as the memorability,distribution,and diversity. It is widespread in the fields of intelligent putation,pattern recognition and optimization design. This paper presents a designing method of digital filter. It is based on the bination geic algorithm with the cosine sequences. The window function is constructed effectively by weighting cosine sequences. The corresponding weighting coefficients are puted b, the geic algorithm. Digital filter is realized finally by windowing approach. In order to accelerate the convergent speed and improve the precision,elitist model and floatingpoint coding are adopted. The efficiency of the proposed method is validated by simulation experiments taking on designing low pass digital filters. The designing method presented in this paper has some advantages,such as ood flexibility,universality,and so on. Keywords: IIR digital filter Geic algorithm 武漢理工大學(xué)《數(shù)字信號(hào)處理》 3 1 遺傳算法 遺傳算法的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展 遺傳算法 ( GeicAlgorithm) 是一類(lèi)借鑒生物界的進(jìn)化規(guī)律(適者生存,優(yōu)勝劣汰遺傳機(jī)制)演化而來(lái)的隨機(jī)化搜索方法。它是由 美國(guó) 的 教授 1974年首先提出,其主要特點(diǎn)是直接對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)象進(jìn)行操作,不存在求導(dǎo)和函數(shù)連續(xù)性的限定;具有內(nèi)在的隱并行性和更好的全局尋優(yōu)能力;采用概率化的尋優(yōu)方法,能自動(dòng)獲取和指導(dǎo)優(yōu)化的搜索空