【正文】 中國(guó)最大管理資源中心 第 1 頁(yè) 共 120 頁(yè) ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2020 Office of the Secretary of Defense 中國(guó)最大管理資源中心 第 2 頁(yè) 共 120 頁(yè) (This page left intentionally blank) 中國(guó)最大管理資源中心 第 3 頁(yè) 共 120 頁(yè) Military Power of the People’s Republic of China A Report to Congress Pursuant to the National Defense Authorization Act Fiscal Year 2000 Section 1202, “Annual Report on Military Power of the People’s Republic of China,” of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000, Public Law 10665, provides that the Secretary of Defense shall submit a report “on the current and future military strategy of the People’s Republic of China. The report shall address the current and probable future course of militarytechnological development on the People’s Liberation Army and the tes and probable development of Chinese grand strategy, security strategy, and military strategy, and of the military organizations and operational concepts, through the next 20 years.” 中國(guó)最大管理資源中心 第 4 頁(yè) 共 120 頁(yè) (This page left intentionally blank) 中國(guó)最大管理資源中心 第 5 頁(yè) 共 120 頁(yè) Executive Summary China’s rapid rise over recent years as a regional political and economic power with growing global influence is an important element in today’s strategic landscape, one that has significant implications for the region and the world. The United States weles the rise of a stable, peaceful, and prosperous China. No country has done more to assist, facilitate, and encourage China’s national development and its integration in the international system. The United States continues to encourage China to participate as a responsible international stakeholder by taking on a greater share of responsibility for the stability, resilience and growth of the global system. However, much uncertainty surrounds China’s future course, in particular in the area of its expanding military power and how that power might be used. The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is pursuing prehensive transformation from a mass army designed for protracted wars of attrition on its territory to one capable of fighting and winning short duration, high intensity conflicts along its periphery against hightech adversaries – an approach that China refers to as preparing for “l(fā)ocal wars under conditions of informatization.” China’s ability to sustain military power at a distance remains limited but, as noted in the 2020 Quadrennial Defense Review Report, it “has the greatest potential to pete militarily with the United States and field disruptive military technologies that could over time offset traditional . military advantages.” China’s nearterm focus on preparing for contingencies in the Taiwan Strait, including the possibility of . intervention, is an important driver of its modernization. However, analysis of China’s military acquisitions and strategic thinking suggests Beijing is also developing capabilities for use in other contingencies, such as conflict over resources or disputed territories. The pace and scope of China’s military transformation have increased in recent years, fueled by acquisition of advanced foreign weapons, continued high rates of investment in its domestic defense and science and technology industries, and far reaching organizational and doctrinal reforms of the armed forces. China’s expanding and improving military capabilities are changing East Asian military balances。 improvements in China’s strategic capabilities have implications beyond the AsiaPacific region. China’s nuclear force modernization, as evidence by the fielding of the new DF31 and DF31A intercontinentalrange missiles, is enhancing China’s strategic strike capabilities. China’s emergent antiaccess/area denial capabilities – as exemplified by its continued development of advanced cruise missiles, mediumrange ballistic missiles, antiship ballistic missiles designed to strike ships at sea, including aircraft carriers, and the January 2020 successful test of a directascent, antisatellite weapon – are expanding from the land, air, and sea dimensions of the traditional battlefield into the space and cyberspace domains. The international munity has limited knowledge of the motivations, decisionmaking, and key capabilities supporting China’s military modernization. China’s leaders have yet to explain in detail the 中國(guó)最大管理資源中心 第 6 頁(yè) 共 120 頁(yè) purposes and objectives of the PLA’s modernizing military capabilities. For example, China continues to promulgate inplete defense expenditure figures, and engage in actions that appear inconsistent with its declaratory policies. The lack of transparency in China’s military and security affairs poses risks to stability by increasing the potential for misunderstanding and miscalculation. This situation will naturally and understandably lead to hedging against the unknown. Military Power of the People’s Republic of China