【正文】 Presentation 1 Measurement Systems Analysis 測量系統(tǒng)分析 Warm up Exercise 熱身練習(xí) The Necessity of Training Farm Hands for First Class Farms in the Fatherly Handling of Farm Live Stock is Foremost in the Eyes of Farm Owners. Since the Forefathers of the Farm Owners Trained the Farm Hands for First Class Farms in the Fatherly Handling of Farm Live Stock, the Farm Owners Feel they should carry on with the Family Tradition of Training Farm Hands of First Class Farmers in the Fatherly Handling of Farm Live Stock Because they Believe it is the Basis of Good Fundamental Farm Management. Task: You have 60 seconds to count the number of times the 6th letter of the alphabet appears at the right paragraph. Are you ready? Go! 給你 60秒的時間數(shù)出右邊段落中第六個字母的出現(xiàn)次數(shù) . Warm up Exercise ?Document your answer on a scrap note ?As we read the answers, type them into a Minitab data sheet. ?Run a histogram on the results ?What are your observations? Observed Variation Which process is best? ? Observed (Total) 2 Total Variability (Observed variability) Process A Process B Measurement Variation Which process is best? = ? Meas. System 2 ? Observed (Total) 2 Measurement Variability Total Variability (Observed variability) Process A Process B Part Variation Which process is best? + ? Actual(Par t) 2 = Part Variability (Actual variability) ? Meas. System 2 ? Observed (Total) 2 Process A Process B Total Variability (Observed variability) Measurement Variability LSL USL Good Parts Rejected? Measurement Uncertainty What Is An MSA? Scientific and objective method of analyzing the validity of a measurement system 一種科學(xué)客觀的方法，用于有效的分析測量系統(tǒng) –A “tool” which quantifies: 一種工具，它量化： 1. Equipment Variation 設(shè)備波動 2. Appraiser (Operator) Variation 評估者波動 3. The Total Variation of a Measurement System 測量系統(tǒng)總的波動 –MSA is NOT just Calibration 測量系統(tǒng)分析不僅僅是校準(zhǔn) Measurement System Analysis is often a “project within a project” 測量系統(tǒng)分析經(jīng)常是 ”項(xiàng)目中的項(xiàng)目 ” Main Sources Of Variation ?Materials 材料 ?Methods 方法 ?Machines 機(jī)器 ?People 人員 ?Environment 環(huán)境 ?Measures 測量 Measurement systems are the most neglected 測量系統(tǒng)經(jīng)常被忽視 測量系統(tǒng)：是用來對被測特性定量測量或定性評價的儀器或量具、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、操作、方法、夾具、軟件、人員、環(huán)境和假設(shè)的集合；用來獲得測量結(jié)果的整個過程。 (MSA手冊第三版定義 ) Measurement System As A Process Cleanliness Temperature Dimension Weight Corrosion Hardness Conductivity Density Sequence Timing Positioning Location Setup Preparation Cleanliness Temperature Design Precision Calibration Resolution Stability Wear Cleanliness Vibration Atmospheric pressure Lighting Temperature Humidity Complianceprocedure Fatigue Attention Calculation error Interpretation Speed Coordination Vision Knowledgeinstrument Dexterity People Environment Measurement Error Method Material Machine Components Of Measurement Error ? Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 ? Accuracy (bias effects) 準(zhǔn)確度（偏離） ? Linearity 線性 ? Stability (consistency) 穩(wěn)定性（一致性） ? Repeatability (Precision) 重復(fù)性（精度） ? Reproducibility (Precision) 再現(xiàn)性（精度） Each ponent of measurement error can contribute to variation, causing wrong decisions to be made 測量誤差的每一項(xiàng)都可能對變差造成影響而使我們做出錯誤的決策 Categories Of Measurement Error Which Affect Location 影響位置的測量誤差 Accuracy/ Bias Linearity Stability Categories Of Measurement Error Which Affect Spread 影響分布的測量誤差 Repeatability Reproducibility Precision Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 Can change be detected? 能偵測到改變嗎？ Resolution? Accuracy/Bias? Linearity? Stability? Precision (RR)? OK OK OK OK Resolution Definitions 分辨率定義 ? Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 – Capability to detect the smallest tolerable changes 可以偵測最小變化的能力 ? Inadequate Measurement Units 不充分的度量單位 – Measurement units too large to detect variation present 度量單位過大而不能偵測到變化 ? Guideline: “10 Bucket Rule” 1/10原則 – Increments in the measurement system should be onetenth the product specification or process variation 測量系統(tǒng)必須精確到產(chǎn)品范圍或過程變差的 1/10 Same process output being measured 1 2 3 4 5 Better Discrimination 1 2 3 4 5 Poor Discrimination 1 Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 Resolution 分辨率 On Hold plaints per hour 每小時的投訴 Complaint Number Transfers 50 Disputes 210 Information 143 Other 12 Total 415 What is the customer’s biggest plaint? On Hold plaints per hour Complaint Number Transfers 50