橡膠工藝學第四章橡膠補強與填充體系(已修改)
2025-01-06 05:24 本頁面
【正文】 第三章 橡膠的補強與填充體系 第一節(jié) 概述 補強劑與填充劑統(tǒng)稱填料，起提高各項力學性能 ,降低成本的作用。 炭黑是橡膠工業(yè)中最重要的補強性填料，其耗量約占橡膠耗量的一半。無機填料的用量已和炭黑用量相當。 一次結(jié)構(gòu)粒徑、形態(tài)、表面活性等填料性質(zhì)對于填充聚合物體系的加工性能和成品性能具有決定性的影響。 : 橡膠工業(yè)用的補強劑是炭黑和白炭黑。 炭黑可以使橡膠的強度提高約 10倍。 炭黑對橡膠的補強效果 膠種 未補強 的拉伸強度 /MPa 炭黑補強 的拉伸強度 /MPa SBR 2026 NBR 2027 EPDM 1825 BR 1825 NR 2435 填充可起到增大體積，降低成本，改善加工工藝性能，如減少半成品收縮率、提高硫化膠硬度。 常用的有陶土，碳酸鈣，滑石粉等。 : 第二節(jié) 炭黑的品種與性質(zhì) 一 .品種及分類 : ASTM D1765 (Rubber Standards) Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products 1. Scope This classification system covers the classification of rubbergrade carbon blacks by the use of a fourcharacter nomenclature system. The first character gives some indication of the influence of the carbon black on the rate of cure of a typical rubber pound containing the black. The second character gives information on the average surface area of the carbon black. The last two characters are assigned arbitrarily. All rubbergrade carbon blacks for which a number is currently assigned at the time of publication of this classification system are listed in Table 1 together with some of their typical properties. ASTM classification numbers (“N” or “S” designation) not listed in Table 1 have either been withdrawn or are not currently assigned. The use of inactive or unassigned N or S designations is prohibited until such a time as the designation is officially reactivated or assigned by Submittee The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ?
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