【正文】 An Analysis on Credit Guarantee System of Small and Mediumsized Enterprises in China Abstract：At present．there are still many constraints in the further development of SME(small and medium—sized enterprises in China．And especially the financing development of SME has bee a bottle neck，which was caused by the unsound credit guarantee system for SME．Based on China’s SME guarantee system and its problems，the thesis puts forward proposals to perfect guarantee system for China’s SME with normal analysis．In order to make guarantee system play its due role．it is necessary to establish different modes of credit guarantee institutions in accordance with the actual situation．to found SME credit guarantee funds and its supplementary system．to adjust the operation mode of guarantee funds and to improve legal protection of the credit guarantee system．對中國中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系的分析摘要：目前，中國中小企業(yè)的進一步發(fā)展仍然受到很多約束，尤其是中小企業(yè)融資問題已經(jīng)成為制約的瓶頸。這是因為中小企業(yè)不健全的信用擔保體系造成的，基于中國中小企業(yè)擔保體系和它的問題，本論文通過正常的分析提出了完善中國中小企業(yè)的擔保體系的的建議。為了使保障體系發(fā)揮其應有作用，有必要根據(jù)實際情況建立不同的信用擔保機構(gòu)模式。建立中小企業(yè)信用保證基金及其輔助系統(tǒng)。調(diào)整保證基金的運營模式，提高信用擔保系統(tǒng)的法律保護。Keywords：SME(small and medium—sized enterprises)，credit guarantee system，credit guarantee fund1 IntroductionThe present situation of credit guarantee system in China China’s SME credit guarantees posed of One Body and Two Wings．One body refers to the city, provincial and national credit guarantee system．National SME credit re—guarantee institutions make services for the provincial SME credit guarantee institutions；provincial SME credit guarantee institutions offers services for the city SME credit guarantee agencies and city SME credit guarantee institutions do services and business for munity mutual institutions and mercial guarantee institutions．“Two Wings”refers to the mutual guarantee agencies and mercial guarantee agencies which make service for SME in urban and rural munities．Both are the foundation of SME engaging in direct guarantee business．Commercial guarantee agencies and mutual guarantee institutions enjoy the re—guarantee services and share the risk provided by SME agencies in accordance with state regulation and provision．1．介紹中國信用擔保體系的當前現(xiàn)狀中國中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系由一個身體和兩個翅膀構(gòu)成，身體指城市、省份和國家信用擔保系統(tǒng)。國家中小企業(yè)信用再擔保機構(gòu)為省中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構(gòu)提供服務，省中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構(gòu)為城市中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構(gòu)服務，城市中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構(gòu)為社區(qū)互助機構(gòu)和商業(yè)擔保機構(gòu)提供服務和業(yè)務。“兩個翅膀”指為城市和農(nóng)村社區(qū)服務的互助擔保機構(gòu)和商業(yè)擔保機構(gòu)。兩者都是中小企業(yè)從事直接擔保業(yè)務的基礎。商業(yè)擔保機構(gòu)和互助性擔保機構(gòu)享受再擔保服務并且分擔中小企業(yè)按照國家規(guī)定和條款應承擔的風險。Since l 998．the credit guarantee system for SME has been established in China．According to the survey from National Development and Reform Commission，by the end of 2006，there are 3366 guarantee institutions in China．including 359 provincial ones and l 665 municipal ones．668 institutions are funded by government．629 institutions are supported in financing．a(chǎn)nd 2049 institutions are funded by non—government．There are 2863 pany legal persons，38l institution units and l22 juridical associations．Guarantee institutions raise the total capital amounts to l23．258 billion yuan．of which 35．746 billion yuan is contributed by government．a(chǎn)ccounting for 29％of the total．Guaranteed panies are up to 379．586 and guaranteed capital amounts to billion yuan．Among 3366 guarantee institutions services．there are 1．28 million services．whose single guaranteed capital below one million accounting for 85．8％ of the total．自從1998年，信用擔保體系應經(jīng)在中國建立，依據(jù)國家發(fā)展和改革協(xié)會的調(diào)查，到2006年年底，將有3366家擔保機構(gòu)在中國，包括359個省擔保機構(gòu)和1665個互助性機構(gòu)，668個機構(gòu)將由政府建立，629個機構(gòu)通過融資建成，2049個由非政府資助而成。將有2863個公司法人，381個事業(yè)單位和122個司法協(xié)會。，占總數(shù)的29%。，,在3366個擔保機構(gòu)服務中,%.1．2 The present situation of credit guarantees system abroadIn the world Japan has established the credit guarantee system for SME at the beginning．In 1 937 regional Tokyo Credit Guarantee Association was founded，In l958 the establishment of a national SME Credit Insurance Corporation and the national credit guarantee associations formed a national credit guarantee system for SME which bined the central and local governments to share risk．Guarantee and re—guarantee．Afterwards，the United States，Germany and Canada began to implement credit guarantee system for SME respectively in 1953．1954 and in 1961．So did Taiwan and Hong Kong respectively in l 974 and l 998．The more developed the market economy is．the more perfect the credit guarantee system will ,in such way it will provide tremendous financial support for SME. 外國信用擔保體系現(xiàn)狀日本是世界上最先建立中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系的，1937年在東京建立東京信用擔保協(xié)會，1958年設立了國家中小企業(yè)信用保險公司和國家信用擔保機構(gòu)，兩者組成了為中小企業(yè)服務的國家信用擔保體系，他們聯(lián)合中央和地方政府共同分擔擔保和再擔保的風險。后來，美國。德國和加拿大分別在1953．1954和1961年開始為中小企業(yè)實施信用擔保體系。臺灣和香港也在1974年和1998年實施。市場經(jīng)濟越是發(fā)展，信用擔保體系越完善，以這種方式,將提供巨大的財政支持中小企業(yè)。2 The Major Problems in Our Credit Guarantee System2．1 The structural problem of SME credit guarantee system The major structural problems of SME credit guarantee system are that the government guarantees too much in the institutions and guaranteed loans while private capitalbased guarantee （including mutual guarantee and mercial guarantee)takes a little proportion．In a word．SME credit guarantee is a market phenomenon because it is mainly caused by SME financial difficulties．In the market economy．government exists and operates as a macro—controller and social manager to regulate the market，make and maintain the market rules．Obviously government does not hav