【正文】
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)年產(chǎn)30萬(wàn)噸氯乙烯(VCM)工藝設(shè)計(jì)With An Annual Output of 300000 Tons of Vinyl chloride (VCM)Process Design 一.選題意義及背景氯乙烯單體(VCM)是生產(chǎn)聚氯乙烯樹(shù)脂的主要原料,其產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和成本直接影響到聚氯乙烯樹(shù)脂的質(zhì)量和成本。氯乙烯生產(chǎn)工藝經(jīng)歷了較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的生產(chǎn)和工藝改造,產(chǎn)生了電石法、二氯乙烷法等工藝,發(fā)展到目前世界上最先進(jìn)的的工藝屬乙烯平衡氧氯化工藝。乙烯平衡氧氯化法由乙烯、氯氣和氧氣生產(chǎn)氯乙烯,整個(gè)工藝過(guò)程既不產(chǎn)生氯化氫,又不消耗氯化氫,大大降低了原料的成本,此法是目前世界上公認(rèn)的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)較合理的方法,全世界93%以上的氯乙烯是采用乙烯平衡氧氯化法生產(chǎn)的。2. 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)主要內(nèi)容:1. 工藝生產(chǎn)方法確定、生產(chǎn)流程設(shè)計(jì)與論證2. 工藝計(jì)算(包括物料衡算,熱量衡算)3. 酯化合成工藝主要生產(chǎn)設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)與選型4. 安全生產(chǎn)與環(huán)保治理措施三.計(jì)劃進(jìn)度1. 第一周:在完全理解設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)的基礎(chǔ)上查閱資料,做好準(zhǔn)備工作,包括:了解學(xué)位論文的格式、查閱相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)(萬(wàn)方數(shù)據(jù)、中國(guó)期刊網(wǎng)、維普資詢(xún)、碩博論文等)、學(xué)習(xí)氯乙烯的工藝設(shè)計(jì)方法。2. 第二周:選擇出設(shè)計(jì)方案。3. 第三周:參照數(shù)據(jù)。4. 第四周:撰寫(xiě)畢業(yè)論文。5. 第五周:進(jìn)行畢業(yè)答辯。四.畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)結(jié)束應(yīng)提交的材料:論文電子稿論文打印搞過(guò)程資料記錄本(實(shí)驗(yàn)記錄本) 指導(dǎo)教師: 教研室主任 年 月 日 年 月 日摘要乙烯與氯氣在復(fù)合催化劑氯化鐵和氯化鋰存在的條件下反應(yīng)生成1,2二氯乙烷(EDC),該反應(yīng)為放熱反應(yīng),反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的熱量通過(guò)氣化二氯乙烷移走,生成物中含有少量的輕組分氯乙烷等,通過(guò)脫輕塔去除其中的輕組分,制得純度比較高的EDC。本論文設(shè)計(jì)同時(shí)列舉一些生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的異常及處理方式。乙烯直接氯化制備二氯乙烷是目前世界上最先進(jìn)的生產(chǎn)二氯乙烷的方法之一。將乙烯儲(chǔ)運(yùn)送來(lái)的乙烯(C2H4)和氯堿廠送來(lái)的氯氣(Cl2)送入直接氯化反應(yīng)器內(nèi),以溶解于二氯乙烷(EDC)中的三氯化鐵、氯化鋰作為催化劑,在90100℃,生成1,2二氯乙烷(EDC),并將生成的EDC以氣相的形式蒸出反應(yīng)器,一部分氣相EDC經(jīng)空冷器冷凝后,回到液位控制器中,循環(huán)回反應(yīng)器,以控制反應(yīng)器液位,移去反應(yīng)熱;另一部分氣相EDC經(jīng)空冷器冷凝后回到冷凝液儲(chǔ)罐中,再通過(guò)輕組份塔進(jìn)料泵送入輕組份塔中去除輕組分,塔釜EDC經(jīng)循環(huán)水冷卻器冷凝后去EDC儲(chǔ)罐,塔頂輕組份(尾氣)經(jīng)輕組份塔頂冷凝器和氟利昂深冷器冷凝后去焚燒或中和單元。該反應(yīng)為放熱反應(yīng),反應(yīng)熱通過(guò)EDC汽化移走。二氯乙烷是生產(chǎn)氯乙烯,進(jìn)而生產(chǎn)聚氯乙烯的單體,該工藝技術(shù)的研究大大降低了過(guò)去常規(guī)生產(chǎn)二氯乙烷的危險(xiǎn)性,真正做到以人為本,科技創(chuàng)新。關(guān)鍵詞:二氯乙烷,生產(chǎn)原理,工藝流程,異常處,直接氯化 氯氣 乙烯AbstracttheEthylene and chlorine in a posite catalyst ferric chloride and lithium chloride under the existing conditions of the reactions that produce 1, 2dichloroethane (EDC), this reaction is exothermic reaction, reaction heat generation through the gasification dichloroethane removed, product contains a small amount of light ponent chloroethane, etc., through the take off light tower to remove one of the light ponents, system purity higher EDC. This paper design and list some of the production process of anomaly and processing mode. Vinyl chloride preparation 2dichloroethane oxygen the world most advanced production 2dichloroethane method. Raw materials via ethylene, oxygen, hydrogen, oxygen flow regulating after entering within reactor in chloride, fluidizedbed catalyst in the presence of 230 ~ 255, ℃, ~ Mpa conditions, happen oxygen chlorination generating 1, 2dichloroethane, which release a lot of heat. The response gas quenching, condensing, CO2 steam extraction, decantation separation and sodawash removal trimethoxysilane acetaldehyde and chlorine after treatment, such as ethanol made from pure product 1, 2dichloroethane (EDC). 2dichloroethane is the production of vinyl chloride monomer, and then produce PVC, this technology research greatly reduces the past conventional production 2dichloroethane risk, achieves truly peopleoriented, technology innovation. Key