【正文】 虛擬語氣的用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題虛擬語氣表示一種假設(shè)的情況，或一種主觀的愿望，即動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)并非事實(shí)，或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。英語虛擬語氣的形式有下列幾種：一、與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 連接詞條件從句結(jié)果從句If(或were)（過去式）+動(dòng)詞原形Should Would +動(dòng)詞原形couldmightIf had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.連接詞條件從句結(jié)果從句If1. should+動(dòng)詞原形2. 動(dòng)詞過去式were to+動(dòng)詞原形ShouldWould +動(dòng)詞原形Could mightIf you should lose, what would you do?If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her thetruth.If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.三、與過去事實(shí)相反連接詞條件從句結(jié)果從句Ifhad+過去分詞Should Would + have+過去分詞couldmightIf I’d dnown that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.四、虛擬語氣的幾種特殊用法省掉if的條件從句結(jié)構(gòu)：Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)、分詞、介詞、名詞、連接詞或定語從句來表示，如：A true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...) (=If there were no water,…) (=If you hadn’t helped me,…)3. 有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作和結(jié)果從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，如：If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.If I were you, I would have gone home.五、虛擬語氣的其他用法Suggest, advise 等動(dòng)詞之后賓語從句須用虛擬語氣，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：suggest, advise, remend, demand, require, insist, urge, request, order, +that…(should )+動(dòng)詞原形devide, ask, move, propose等注意：在此結(jié)構(gòu)中that不可省略；should省不省均可。He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.上述動(dòng)詞的名詞形式出現(xiàn)時(shí)，that 引導(dǎo)的從句仍用虛擬語氣。He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.如果that 引導(dǎo)的從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是事實(shí)，也可用陳述語氣。He insists that he is right.It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that引導(dǎo)的從句須用虛擬語氣，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下： imperative, advisable, 動(dòng)詞完成式It is (was) + important,natural, necessary, +that…(should) +essential, strange,等 動(dòng)詞原形 It is important that you (should) follow the doctor’s orders.It is right that you should have done your homework.wish的用法動(dòng)詞過去式或were—與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反主語+wish(that)+主語 + 動(dòng)詞過去完成式—與過去事實(shí)相反助動(dòng)詞過去試+動(dòng)詞原形—與將來事實(shí)相反I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)I wish they’d let us get some sleep.注意：wish與hope接賓語從句的區(qū)別在于：hope表示一般可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望，賓語從句用陳述語氣。wish表示很難或不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望,賓語從句用虛擬語氣。試比較：（1） We hope they will e,(We don’t know if they can e.)（2） We wish they could e,(We know they are not ing.)as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引導(dǎo)的從句須用虛擬語氣，如： He acts as if nothing had happened. I would rather you didn’t tell him.It’s (high) time that…+動(dòng)詞過去式或should+動(dòng)詞原形，如：It’s time (that) you had a hair cut. It’s high time (that) we took some action.虛擬語氣專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一（ ）1. If I you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster. A. be B. was C. were D. am（ ）2. I do not think those people are really English. If they were, they speak wish French accents. A. don39。t B. will not C. mustn39。t D. wouldn39。t（ ）3. today, would we be able to get there by Tuesday? A. Were we leaving B. If we leave C. Would we leave D. Were we to leave（ ）4. If Jone tomorrow, what would you do? A. were not to e B. will not e C. would not e D. had not e（ ）5. “She didn39。t ask me, so I didn39。t help her?” “You mean to say , you would39。ve helped her ?” A. if she asked you B. if she were to ask you she asked you C. were she to ask you（ ）6. They took the injured straight to the hospital. Otherwise some of them . A. might have died B. might die C. would die D. could die（ ）7. If they had known him, to him? A. would they have talked B. would they talk they talked D. they would talk（ ）8. If I lived in the city, I traveal in croweded buses, but I to see lots of films. A. shall have to/shall be able B. shall have to/am able C. would have to/were able D. would have to/would be able（ ）9. I would have gone to the concert, if I time. A. had had B. hav