【正文】 CHAPTER 5: Discrete and Continuous Probability Distributions to acpany Business Statistics : A DecisionMaking Approach 6th edition, by David Chapter 5 Learning Objectives ? Distinguish between discrete and continuous random variables. ? Differentiate between the binomial and the Poisson discrete probability distributions and their applications. ? Be able to discuss the important properties of the normal probability distribution. ? Recgonize situations in which the uniform and exponential distributions apply. distributions discrete continuous normal binomial poisson uniform hypergeometirc exponential 51 The Binomial Probability Distribution 52 Other Discrete Probability Distributions 53 The Normal Probability Distribution 54 Other Continuous Probability Distributions 51 The Binomial Probability Distribution ? 511 Vocabularies 詞匯 ? 512 Main Content 主要內(nèi)容 ? 513 Terminologies 專業(yè)詞匯 ? 514 After school extend 課外擴(kuò)展 511 Vocabularies ? strain （ 1） The collective descendants of a mon ancestor。 a race, stock, line, or breed. ? 家系、血統(tǒng)：一個(gè)有共同祖先的集體后裔；家系，家譜，世系或血統(tǒng) ? （ 2） Any of the various lines of ancestry united in an individual or a family。 ancestry or lineage. ? 品系：聯(lián)合在個(gè)人或家族上的任何一個(gè)祖先的血系；血統(tǒng)或家系 ? （ 3） A kind or sort: 一種或一類； 511 Vocabularies ? Douglas ? A municipal borough of southeast Isle of Man, England, on the Irish Sea. It is a popular seaside resort and the most important city on the island. Population, 20,368. ? 道格拉斯：愛(ài)爾蘭海上英國(guó)馬恩島東南部自治市。它是島上最重要的城市和有名的海濱勝地。人口 20,368。 ? 男子名。 511 Vocabularies ? clone ? A replica of a DNA sequence, such as a gene, produced by geic ，克隆 ? tread ? （ 1） To go on foot。 ；走 ? （ 2） To set down the foot。 ：放下腳步；踏步 ? （ 3） The part of a wheel or tire that makes contact with the road or ：車(chē)輪或輪胎與路面或軌道接觸的部分 ? （ 4） The part of a shoe sole that touches the ：鞋底接觸地面的部分。 511 Vocabularies ? vehicle ? （ 1） A device or structure for transporting persons or things。 a conveyance: ? 交通工具：運(yùn)輸人或物的器具或結(jié)構(gòu)；交通工具： Eg. a space ? （ 2） A selfpropelled conveyance that runs on tires。 a motor vehicle. ? 機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)輛；汽車(chē)：一種裝有輪胎的自行驅(qū)動(dòng)的交通工具；機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)輛 ? （ 3） A medium through which something is transmitted, expressed, or acplished: ? 傳播媒介：用來(lái)傳遞、表達(dá)或完成某物的工具或手段： ? Eg. His novels are a vehicle for his political views. 他的小說(shuō)是傳達(dá)他的政治觀點(diǎn)的媒介 511 Vocabularies ? wear ? 磨損 ? 常與 away, down 或 off一起使用 ： Eg. rocks worn away by the sea。 shoes worn down at the 巖石；跟部磨損的鞋子 ? involve ? 含有，包括；使參與；影響； ? be involved in 包含在 ...。 與 ...有關(guān) 。 被卷入 。 專心地 (做 ) ? be involved with 涉及； bee involved in 卷入 , 陷入； get involved with 給 ...纏住 ? Eg. The matter is serious because it involves your reputation. He was involved in working out a plan. 511 Vocabularies ? quasi ? To some degree。 in some manner: 表示“類似”：在某種程度上；在某種意義上 ? item ? （ 1） A single article or unit in a collection, an enumeration, or a series. ? 項(xiàng)目，細(xì)目：文集、細(xì)目或一套中的單獨(dú)條目或項(xiàng)目 ? （ 2） A clause of a document, such as a bill or charter. ? 條款：文件中的條款，例如一個(gè)議案或者是一個(gè)章節(jié) ? （ 3） An entry in an ? （ 4） A bit of information。 a detail. 一些信息；細(xì)節(jié) ? （ 5） A short piece in a newspaper or ：報(bào)紙或雜志的一小段 511 Vocabularies ? Catalog Sale ? 目錄銷售：消費(fèi)者通過(guò)查閱“目錄購(gòu)物商場(chǎng)”定期發(fā)行的購(gòu)物目錄，撥打“商場(chǎng)”話務(wù)中心的電話訂購(gòu)，再由專業(yè)快遞公司提供快捷優(yōu)質(zhì)的送貨上門(mén)服務(wù)，消費(fèi)者經(jīng)過(guò)驗(yàn)貨甚至試用之后付款的購(gòu)物方式。目錄銷售于 50年前在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家中率先興起，如今已成為國(guó)際社會(huì)比較流行的新型商業(yè)形式。根據(jù)美國(guó) 1980和 1990年代兩次經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時(shí)期的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，目錄銷售和倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)超市是兩種能夠在經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣中唯一取得成功的零售業(yè)形式。隨著國(guó)際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)，目錄銷售已經(jīng)從郵寄印刷品發(fā)布商品信息發(fā)展成為利用因特網(wǎng)進(jìn)行在線商品信息傳播的方式。 511 Vocabularies ? personnel manager(人事主管 ) 。 ? dismantle(分解 )。 ? side effects(副作用 )。 ? blood pressure(血壓 )。 ? clinical(臨床的 )。 512 Main Content ? (1)Definition ? The binomial probability distribution defines the probability of exactly x successes in n trials of the Bernoulli process. ? The bernoulli trial is an experiment with two, and only two, possible oues. 512 Main Content ? (2)Characteristic ? ① only two possible outes ? ② a fix number of n ? ③ independent each other ? ④ constant p ? ⑤ if p is success, so q=1p is failure and p+q=1 512 Main Content ? (3)Formular ? Where: n=random sample size。 ? x=number of successes。 nx=number of failures。 ? p=probability of a success。 q=1p= probability of a failure !( ) ( 1 ) ! ( ) !xnnx n x x n xP x C p p p qx n x??? ? ? ? ? ??(3)Formularexercise ? A study by the International Coffee Association found that 52% of the . population aged 10 and over drink coffee. For a randomly selected group of 4 individuals, what is the probability that 3 of them are coffee drinkers? Number Proportion Coffee drinkers (x) 3 .52 Noncoffee drinkers 1 .48 Totals 4 So, p = , (1 – p) = , x = 3, (n – x) = 1 . (3)Formularexercise ? To solve the problem, we substitute: ( ) ( 1 )! ! ( ) !4! 31( 3 ) ( .52 ) ( .48 )3 ! ( 4 3 ) ! 4 ( .140 608 ) ( .48 ) .269 967 00xnx n xP x C p pn x n xpqx n xP?? ? ??? ? ??????? ? ???512 Main Content ? (4)Using the binomial distribution table ? An Example Worked with Tables An Example Worked with Tables ? Problem: According to a corporate association, % of the population of Vermont were boating participants during the most recent year. For a randomly sele