【正文】 畢業(yè)設(shè)計 (論文 ) 題目 ：基于 51 單片機的簡易汽車防撞控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 課 題 類 型： 論文 □ 設(shè)計 □√ 學(xué) 生 姓 名： 李立佩 學(xué) 號： 0703022123 班 級： 07 電子信息工程本科 專業(yè)（全稱）： 電子信息工程 系 別： 計算機與電氣信息工程 系 指 導(dǎo) 教 師： 龍諾春 2020 年 5 月 基于 51單片機的簡易汽車防撞系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 基于 51 單片機的簡易汽車防撞系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 摘要 本文介紹的就是利用超聲波測距法設(shè)計的一種 簡易汽 車防撞系統(tǒng)。論文的內(nèi)容是基于 STC89C52 單片機簡易汽車防 撞 系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計，主要是利用超聲波的特點和優(yōu)點，將超聲波測距系統(tǒng)和 STC89C52 單片機結(jié)合于一體，設(shè)計出一種基于 STC89C52 的汽車防撞系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)采用軟硬件結(jié)合的方法，具有模塊化和多用化的特點。論文概述了超聲波檢測的發(fā)展及基本原理，闡述了超聲波傳感器的原理及特性。對于系統(tǒng)的一些主要參數(shù)進行了討論，并且在介紹超聲波測距系統(tǒng)功能的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了系統(tǒng)的總體構(gòu)成，通過多種發(fā)射接收電路設(shè)計方案比較，得出了最 佳設(shè)計方案，并對系統(tǒng)各個設(shè)計單元原理進行了介紹。最后，通過對系統(tǒng)的誤差分析，給出了系統(tǒng)的改進方案。 關(guān)鍵 詞 ： STC89C52；超聲波；傳感器；測 距 基于 51單片機的簡易汽車防撞系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 THE DESIGN OF AUTOMOTIVE ANTICOLLISION SYSTEM BASED ON 51 SCM ABSTRACT This paper is using ultrasonic to design a simple automotive anticollision system. The content of the paper is based on the design of the automotive anticollision system, including the characteristics and advantages of ultrasonic ranging system designs a kind of the automotive anticollision system based on the STC89C52. This system uses software and hardware of the method of bining. It has the characteristics of modular and multipurpose. This paper summarizes the ultrasonic detection development and basic principle, this paper expounds the principle and characteristics of ultrasonic sensor. Some of the main parameters for system is discussed, and introduces the function of ultrasonic ranging system is put forward on the basis of system general structure, through a variety of emission receiving circuit design scheme parison, the conclusion of the best design scheme and the principle of system every design unit are introduced. Finally, the paper proposes an improvement plan based on the error analysis system. Key words: STC89C52。 ultrasonic wave。 sensor。 distance measurement 基于 51單片機的簡易汽車防撞系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 目 錄 1 引言 ..............................................................................................................................................................................1 課題背景 ..............................................................................................................................................................1 課題設(shè)計的意義 .................................................................................................................................................1 超聲波測距在汽車上應(yīng)用的介紹 ....................................................................................................................2 2 課題的方案設(shè)計與論證 .............................................................................................................................................3 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................................................................3 總系統(tǒng)方框圖 ..............................................................................................................................................4 核心處理器 STC89C52...............................................................................................................................4 發(fā)射電路及驅(qū)動設(shè)計 ................................................................................................................................5 接收電路的設(shè)計 .........................................................................................................................................5 顯示器模塊 .................................................................................................................................................5 報警模塊 .....................................................................................................................................................5 設(shè)計方案的 論證 .................................................................................................................................................5 超聲波換能器的選擇 ..............................................................................................................................5 超聲波測距法的選擇 ..............................................................................................................................6 超聲波發(fā)射電路驅(qū)動的選擇 ..................................................................................................................6 顯示器的選擇 ...........................................................................................................................................6 數(shù)據(jù)通信方式的選擇 ................................................................................................................................7 該課題設(shè)計的技術(shù)指標(biāo) .....................................................................................................................................7 3 系統(tǒng)的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 .................................................................................................................................................7 核心處理器 STC89C52 .......................................................................................................................................8 超聲波換能器的選擇 ...................................................................................................................................... 12 發(fā)射電路的設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................................................... 14 接收電路的設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................................................... 14 基于 51單片機的簡易汽車防撞系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 顯示報警模塊的設(shè)計 ...................................................................................