【正文】
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)是中考的必考時(shí)態(tài),由于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)既涉及到過去,又聯(lián)系到現(xiàn)在,和一般過去時(shí)態(tài),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)既有聯(lián)系,又有區(qū)別,所以同學(xué)們掌握起來比較困難。 ( 1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞 just, already, before, yet, never, ever 等狀語連用。例如: ① I have never heard of that before. ② Have you ever ridden a horse? ③ She has already finished the work. ④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. ⑤ I’ve just lost my science book. 有時(shí)沒有時(shí)間狀語;多是一般疑問句。 助動(dòng)詞 have (has) + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 注: has 用于第三人稱單數(shù), have 用于其他所有人稱。 ,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 ,也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)??梢院捅硎緩倪^去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi))的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。 如: for和 since,以及 so far, now, today, this week(month, year) 等 一段時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法有兩種 : for: +一段時(shí)間 for a year for two weeks for three years Since 過去的某一時(shí)刻 , since nine since last week 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語從句 since you came since you got home. 注意 :for 和 since 所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語都表示一段時(shí)間 . He has been away since last week. He has been away for one week. 對(duì)劃線部分提問都用How long ( 3) have been (to)和 have gone (to)的區(qū)