【正文】 英語二級筆譯20032011年真題及部分參考答案2003年12月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 12004年 5月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 82004年11月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 142005年5月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 192005年11月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 242006年5月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 312006年11月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 372007年5月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 422007年11月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)真題 452008年5月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 492008年 11月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 532009年 5 月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 582009年11 月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 602010年5 月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 622010年11月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 652011年5月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題 68 2003年12月英語二級筆譯實務(wù)試題Section 1: English – Chinese Translation (英譯漢)This section consists of two parts, Part A — “Compulsory Translation” and Part B — “Choice of Two Translations” consisting of two sections “Topic I” and “Topic 2”. For the passage in Part A and your choice of passage in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into Chinese. Above your translation of Part A, write “Compulsory Translation” and above your translation from Part B, write “Topic I” or “Topic 2” (60 points, 100 minutes)Part A Compulsory Translation (必譯題) （30 points）Nowhere to Go For the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj” (who didn’t want to reveal his real name). He’s an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H1B visa, which allows skilled workers to be employed by one pany for as many as six years. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco technologyconsulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime,” says Nagaraj.This is not a normal bearmarket sob story. According to federal regulation, Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They must either return to India, or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allow them to transfer their visa to the new pany. And the law doesn’t allow them to earn a paycheck until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy. “How am I going to survive without any job and without any ine?” Nagaraj wonders.Until recently, H1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley panies as the solution to the region’s shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers from other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 worker held such visas — but with the dot crash, many have been getting laid off. That’s causing mass consternation in . immigrant munities. The INS considers a worker “out of status” when he loses a job, which technically means that he must pack up and go home. But because of the scope of this year’s layoffs, the . government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new pany to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They are in limbo. It is the greatest form of torture,” says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valleybased Immigrants Support Network.The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley panies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of H1B visas. Now, with technology firms retrenching, demand for such workers is slowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and HewlettPackard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H1B workers. The INS reported last month that only 16,000 new H1B workers came to the United States in February — down from 32,000 in February of last year.Last month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H1B holders “not to panic,” and that there would be a grace period for laidoff workers before they had to leave the United States. INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will e this month. “We are aware of the cutbacks,” she says. “We’re trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law.”Part B Choice of Two Translations (二選一題) （30 points）Topic 1 (選題一)What Is the Force of Gravity?If you throw a ball up, it will e down again. What makes it e down? The ball es down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earth exerts a force of attraction on all objects. Objects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further away. This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth’s surface is called the weight of the object.All the heavenly bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects. The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earth’s surface. In fact, the moon’s gravitational force is only onesixth that of the Earth. This means that an object weighing 120 kilograms on Earth will only weigh 20 kilograms on the moon. Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth.The Earth’s gravitational force or pull keeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space. To get out into space and travel to the moon or other planets we have to overe the Earth’s gravitational pull.Entry into SpaceHow can we overe the Earth’s gravitational pull? Scientists have b