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蘭州文理學(xué)院學(xué)生畢業(yè)論文 題 目:基于單片機(jī)的交通燈控制系統(tǒng) 作 者: 指導(dǎo)老師: 電子信息工程 學(xué)院 電子 系 電子信息工程技術(shù) 專業(yè) 2011 級(jí) 三年 年制 一 班 2013年 11月 15 日 基于單片機(jī)的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)摘要:介紹一種基于單片機(jī)的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。本文在對(duì)目前交通控制進(jìn)行深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用程序時(shí)間控制、傳感器檢測、實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整智能化控制的實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù),將傳感器監(jiān)測、實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整車輛通行時(shí)間的算法與單片機(jī)控制作用相結(jié)合,提出了基于單片機(jī)的交通控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案?! ∮布矫嬖摲桨钢饕腔趩纹瑱C(jī)的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)由單片機(jī)、交通燈顯示、LED倒計(jì)時(shí)、車流量檢測及調(diào)整、違規(guī)檢測、智能報(bào)警、緊急處理、時(shí)間模式手動(dòng)設(shè)置等模塊組成。系統(tǒng)除基本交通燈功能外,還具有通行時(shí)間手動(dòng)設(shè)置、可倒計(jì)時(shí)顯示、急車強(qiáng)行通過、車流量檢測及調(diào)整、交通異常狀況判別及處理等相關(guān)功能。理論證明該系統(tǒng)能夠簡單、經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效地疏導(dǎo)交通,提高交通路口的通行能力。 程序方面,編寫適應(yīng)某一地方的程序,輸入到相應(yīng)的單片機(jī)當(dāng)中以調(diào)整時(shí)間、智能檢測、以及智能報(bào)警等應(yīng)用使之成為某一地方的一套獨(dú)特的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)。這樣可以保證高效安全的交通秩序,除了制定一系列的交通規(guī)則,還必須通過一定的科技手段加以實(shí)現(xiàn)。 本設(shè)計(jì)主要做了如下幾方面的工作:一是確定系統(tǒng)交通控制的總體設(shè)計(jì),包括,十字路口具體的通行禁行方案設(shè)計(jì)以及系統(tǒng)應(yīng)擁有的各項(xiàng)功能,二是進(jìn)行傳感器的硬件電路、顯示電路等的設(shè)計(jì)和基本功能要求。關(guān)鍵字:交通控制;傳感檢測;單片機(jī);智能時(shí)間控制 Abstract This paper introduces a design of control system of traffic lights based on single chip microputer. Based on the current traffic control based on the thorough analysis, application time to achieve control, sensor detection, realtime adjustment of intelligent control, sensor monitoring, realtime adjustments to traffic control algorithm and the role of singlechip bination, put forward the design scheme of traffic control system based on single chip microputer. The hardware aspect of the project is mainly posed of a traffic light control system based on single chip microputer, the traffic light display, LED countdown, traffic detection and adjustment, violation detection, intelligent alarm, emergency treatment, time mode manual settings module based on. In addition to the basic traffic lights function, but also with the passage of time manually, but the countdown display, urgent vehicle passing, distinguishing traffic detection and adjustment, and handling of traffic anomalies and other related functions. Theory shows that the system can simple, economic and effective relieves traffic, improving the traffic intersection traffic capacity. The program, written to a local procedure, the input to the corresponding microcontroller to adjust the time, intelligent detection, and smart alarm application to bee a place of a set of traffic lights unique control system. This can ensure safe and efficient traffic order, except for a series of traffic rules, it must be achieved through certain means of science and technology. This design mainly do the following aspects of work: one is to determine the overall design, traffic control system includes a crossroads, specific traffic ban the function design and the system should have, the two is the hardware circuit for the sensor, display circuit design and the basic functional requirements.Key Words: Traffic control;sensor;SCM;intelligent control 目錄1 緒 論 2 完善交通燈的必要性 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 2單片機(jī)交通燈控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 5 5 : 5 我們假設(shè)路是由南向北的,則斑馬線是東西方向。 5 : 5 5 6 6 8 9 3系統(tǒng)軟件程序設(shè)計(jì) 9 9 軟件流程 10 系統(tǒng)總體流程圖如圖所示: 10 交通燈的設(shè)計(jì)程序說明 10 延時(shí)函數(shù) 11 延時(shí)函數(shù) 11 12 4總結(jié)及心得 13 5致謝 13 參考文獻(xiàn) 14 附錄 14 1 緒 論 完善交通燈的必要性隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)日益發(fā)展,人類物質(zhì)要求不斷改觀,交通工具種類越來越多,交通量隨之上漲,交通規(guī)則雖然不斷完善,但交通事故頻頻不斷。多少生命因此而終止?多少美滿的家庭因此而破碎?悲劇一幕接著一幕上演。可是悲劇并沒有因此而終止,交通規(guī)則再完善依然被無視,汽車?yán)热缤撛O(shè)。所以本課題對(duì)基于單片機(jī)的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。以單片機(jī)為控制核心,設(shè)計(jì)并制作交通燈控制系統(tǒng),用于十字路口的車輛及行人的交通管理。東西南北四個(gè)路口具有左拐、右拐、直行及行人4種通行指示燈,并分別用計(jì)時(shí)器顯示路口通行轉(zhuǎn)換剩余時(shí)間,在特種車輛如11120通過路口時(shí),系