【正文】 有答案的第一部分 選擇題 4Explain how the inventory of sounds can change, giving some examples in English for illustration. 4Briefly discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition of a second language.英語語言學(xué)試題（2）五、論述題(每小題10分，共20分) each of the following sentences in two different ways to show the syntactic rules account for the ambiguity of sentences. (1)The shooting of the hunters might be terrible. (2)He saw young men and women present. (3)They were surprised at the president39。s appointment. the meaning of the following affixes and give each affix two examples. re un anti super wise itis ize age英語語言學(xué)試題（3）Ⅴ.Answer the following questions.(10%2=20%) with examples the three notions of phone, phoneme and allophone, and also how they are related.英語語言學(xué)試題（5）五、論述題(第442小題各7分，第43小題6分，共20分)41. Under what conditions will two sounds be assigned to the same phoneme?42. For the following sentence, draw a tree diagram to reveal its underlying structure. The girl ate the orange.43. Study the passage taken from Shakespeare’s HAMLET below carefully and identify every difference in expression between Elizabethan and Modern English that is evident. King: Where is Polonius? Hamlet: In heaven, Send thither to see. If your messenger find him not there, seek him i’ the other place yourself. But indeed, if you find him not within this month, you shall nose him as you go up the stairs into the lobby. Act IV, Scene iii英語語言學(xué)試題（6）41. The phonological features that occur above the level of individual sounds are called suprasegmental features. Discuss the main suprasegmental features, illustrating with examples how they function in the distinction of meaning.42. Explain and give examples to show in what way ponential analysis is similar to the analysis of phonemes into distinctive features.英語語言學(xué)試題（7）五、論述題（每小題10分，共20分）1. Comment on the following conversation in terms of Grice’s Cooperative Principle:A: Where’ve you been?B: Out. 2. Analyse the following words and show how many morphemes each of them contains:specialize , indisputable, individualistic, downfall, unexceptionableness, ungentlemanliness(每個語素0. 5分)英語語言學(xué)試題（8）語言學(xué)試題) do we say tree diagrams are more advantageous and informative than linear structure in analyzing the constituent relationship among linguistic elements? Support your statement with examples. the process of language perception, prehension and production英語語言學(xué)試題（9）語言學(xué)試題及參考答案 41. Explain sociological triggers for language change by giving a typical example in the history of English. 42. Explain briefly the four main individual learner factors that affect a learner39。s acquisition of a second language.語言學(xué)試題參考答案一、 單項選擇題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）C C D D DB B C A D二、填空題（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1knowledge1bilabial1morphology1sentence1plete1representatives1coinage1delete1criticalinterlanguage三、判斷改錯題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）2FActually modern linguistics lays more emphasis on the spoken form of language than the written form for a number of reasons.2FVoicing distinguishes meaning in English but not in Chinese.2FThe meaning of some pound words has nothing to do with the sum total of the meanings of their ponents, such as the pound redcoat.2FApart from S and C, they also refer to a word, or a phrase that performs a particular grammatical function.2FDialectal synonyms can often be found not only in different regional dialects such as British English and American English but also within the variety itself. For example, within British English, girl is called lassie in Scottish dialect, and liquor is called whishey in Irish dialect.2T2T2FThey have a fairly clear fairly clear functional differentiation, . one language may be used in some domains, other language in other domains.2FThe true statement is According to the strong version of the SapirWhorf hypothesis, language determines speakers39。 perceptions and patterns their way of lifeT四、名詞解釋題（本大題共10小題，每小題3分，共30分）3One of the major defining features of human language. Human language consists of two levels. At the lower level, there are a limited number of sounds which are meaningless while at the higher level there are an unlimited number of binations of these sounds. It is also known as double articulation.3Linguistics that studies language over a period of time, also known as historical linguistics, study of the Chinese language since the end of the Qing dynasty up to the present.3A way to transcribe speech sounds. The basic principle is to use