基于單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文(已修改)
2025-07-02 12:42 本頁面
【正文】 武漢大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文基于單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要步進(jìn)電機(jī)是一種通過電脈沖信號(hào)控制相繞組電流實(shí)現(xiàn)定角轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的機(jī)電元件，與其他類型電機(jī)相比具有易于開環(huán)精確控制、無積累誤差等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在眾多領(lǐng)域中獲得了廣泛的應(yīng)用。為了得到性能優(yōu)良的控制結(jié)果，出現(xiàn)了很多步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)，其中采用單片機(jī)作為控制核心的控制系統(tǒng)得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。很多這種控制系統(tǒng)在步進(jìn)電機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)上已經(jīng)做的非常好，比如恒流斬波驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)，但是有的系統(tǒng)比較復(fù)雜，和一些相對比較簡單的控制過程不相吻合，投入上也不經(jīng)濟(jì)。有的系統(tǒng)在操作上不是很方便，交互性不強(qiáng)。而且，有感于目前的職業(yè)教育的專業(yè)教材各種技術(shù)太過經(jīng)渭分明，由此帶來的實(shí)習(xí)也是比較零散，沒有把一些在工程實(shí)踐中應(yīng)該結(jié)合在一起的技術(shù)有機(jī)結(jié)合起來，因此本文的研究內(nèi)容就是設(shè)計(jì)一套硬件系統(tǒng)較簡單、經(jīng)濟(jì)，但適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)，操作方便，可靠性高的，能夠有機(jī)地把電子技術(shù)、單片機(jī)技術(shù)、電機(jī)的控制技術(shù)結(jié)合起來步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。本文首先簡要描述了步進(jìn)電機(jī)的發(fā)展、應(yīng)用情況，而且還分析了步進(jìn)電機(jī)的工作原理，然后以單片機(jī)為主控制器提出了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)方案，在此基礎(chǔ)上對各個(gè)模塊的電路進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)，接著闡述了步進(jìn)電機(jī)軟件控制開發(fā)的流程和程序設(shè)計(jì)。關(guān)鍵詞:步進(jìn)電機(jī) AT89C51單片機(jī) 恒流斬波AbstractSteeping motor is a kind of ponent using electric pulse signal to control winding elements to realize angular displacement. Comparing with other electric motor, it is easier to realize accurate control, no accumulated error and so on so forth. Thus, it is got extensive application. In order to gain excellent manipulative result, there appears a lot of stepping motor control system. Among them, the system using MUC as the core part of the control system is used widely. Many this kind of control systems have done absolutely good at the step motor drive, such as the technique of constant current chopper. But some systems are a little bit plicated, which does not match with some paratively simple control, causing some waste on investment. Some system is not easy to operate, weak in alternation. Furthermore, techniques in today’s vocational teaching materials are entirely different, leading to some kinds of chaos in the exercitation, not bining some techniques which should be. Consequently, this focuses on how to design a simple step motor control system, which has strong adaptability, easy to operate, high dependability, mixing electronic technique, MUC technique and motor control technique. This thesis will firstly introduce the development and application situation of stepping motor and some mon control systems and drive techniques. What’s more, it will illustrate the working principle of step motor, then, using MUC as a main controller to put forward the whole system blue print of the hardware design. Based on this, all specific designs on electrical circuits in every module will be followed. Finally, illustrate the steps of how to develop the software of control system and programmed design.Key words: Stepping Motor, MUC, Constant Current Chopper目 錄.....................................................................................................1 引言…………………………………………………………………………….1 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的應(yīng)用…………………..……………..…………………………….3 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀……....………………………………………………….3...............................................................3…………………………………………...5…………………….7 步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制原理…………………………………………………………….7 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的特點(diǎn)………………………………………………………....7 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的分類………………………………………………………....7 反應(yīng)式步進(jìn)電機(jī)的工作原理……………………………………………8 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的主要特性…………………………………………………....10 基于單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)……………………………….....11 步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)簡介…………………………………………………11 系統(tǒng)組成………………………………………………………………....13 步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………….14 步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………….15 鍵盤電路設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………….15 硬件總體實(shí)現(xiàn)………………………………………………………………….16……………………..17 總體設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………………..…17 系統(tǒng)軟件主流程………………………………………………………….17 系統(tǒng)總體程序…………………………………………………………….18 關(guān)鍵模塊設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………………..19 脈沖發(fā)生器設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………….19 定時(shí)器T0中斷（步進(jìn)脈沖輸出）模塊流程…………………..19 定時(shí)器T0中斷（步進(jìn)脈沖輸出）模塊子程序………………..20 正反轉(zhuǎn)控制程序 ………………………………………………………....21結(jié)論…………………………………………………………
環(huán)評(píng)公示相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1