【正文】 年產(chǎn)七萬(wàn)噸硫酸車間干吸工段畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)目 錄第 1 章 緒 論 .....................................................................................................................1 硫酸的性質(zhì) ..............................................................................................................1 硫酸的物理性質(zhì) ...........................................................................................1 硫酸的化學(xué)性質(zhì) ...........................................................................................1 硫酸的生產(chǎn)方法 ......................................................................................................3 硝化法制造硫酸 ...........................................................................................4 接觸法制造硫酸 ...........................................................................................5 硫酸生產(chǎn)全工段工藝簡(jiǎn)介 ......................................................................................5 SO2 氣體的制取與凈化 .................................................................................5 SO2 氣體的轉(zhuǎn)化和吸收 .................................................................................6 尾氣的處理 ...................................................................................................7 硫酸工業(yè)的重要性及其發(fā)展 ..................................................................................8 硫酸在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的重要性 .......................................................................8 硫酸工業(yè)的發(fā)展 .........................................................................................10 本次設(shè)計(jì)主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 ........................................................................................11第 2 章 生產(chǎn)工藝 ...............................................................................................................12 兩次吸收法生產(chǎn)硫酸流程圖 ................................................................................12 干燥、一吸及二吸系統(tǒng)流程說(shuō)明 ........................................................................12 工藝計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù) ............................................................................................13 干燥塔基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù) .........................................................................................13 兩轉(zhuǎn)兩吸的吸收塔基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù) .....................................................................14第 3 章 工藝計(jì)算 .................................................................................................................15 原始數(shù)據(jù) ................................................................................................................15 產(chǎn)量 .............................................................................................................15 爐氣成分 .....................................................................................................15 爐氣水分含量 .............................................................................................15 進(jìn)酸濃度 .....................................................................................................15 轉(zhuǎn)化率及吸收率 .........................................................................................15 干燥塔及其循環(huán)槽的工藝計(jì)算 ............................................................................15 干燥塔及循環(huán)槽的物料衡算 .....................................................................15 干燥塔及其循環(huán)槽的熱量衡算 .................................................................17 吸收塔及其循環(huán)槽的物料衡算 .............................................................................21 中間吸收塔物料衡算 ..................................................................................21 最終吸收塔物料衡算 .................................................................................22 吸收循環(huán)槽物料衡算 .................................................................................24 吸收塔及其循環(huán)槽的熱量衡算 .............................................................................24 中間吸收塔熱量衡算 ..................................................................................24 最終吸收塔熱量衡算 .................................................................................26 吸收循環(huán)槽熱量衡算 .................................................................................27第 4 章 主要設(shè)備的工藝計(jì)算 .............................................................................................30 冷卻器計(jì)算 .............................................................................................................30 干燥塔冷卻器的計(jì)算 ..................................................................................30 中間吸收塔冷卻器的計(jì)算 ..........................................................................33 最終吸收塔冷卻器的計(jì)算 ..........................................................................34 填料塔的工藝計(jì)算 .................................................................................................36 干燥塔的工藝計(jì)算 ......................................................................................36 中間吸收塔的工藝計(jì)算 ..............................................................................39 最終吸收塔的工藝計(jì)算 ..............................................................................41第 5 章 主要設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果匯總 .......................................................................................45第 6 章 環(huán)境保護(hù)與治理建議 .......................................................................................47設(shè)計(jì)小結(jié) ...............................................................................................................................48參考文獻(xiàn) ...............................................................................................................................49致 謝 ...............................................................................................................................50附 錄 ...............................................................................................................................51第 1章 緒 論 硫酸的性質(zhì)硫酸是基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)工業(yè)中重要的產(chǎn)品之一。硫酸主要用于生產(chǎn)化學(xué)肥料、有色金屬的冶煉、合成纖維、涂料、致冷劑、洗滌劑、飼料添加劑和石油的精煉，以及鋼鐵、醫(yī)藥和化學(xué)工業(yè)。 硫酸的物理性質(zhì)硫酸，分子式為 H2SO4，相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量 。純硫酸是一種無(wú)色無(wú)味油狀液體，工業(yè)品因含雜質(zhì)而呈黃、棕等色。常用的濃硫酸中 H2SO4 的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為 %，其密度(液態(tài))。物質(zhì)的量濃度為 L1。凝固點(diǎn) 。沸點(diǎn)(330177。)℃。％的硫酸水溶液為恒沸混合物，沸點(diǎn) 339℃。硫酸是一種高沸點(diǎn)難揮發(fā)的強(qiáng)酸，易溶于水，能以任意比與水混溶。濃硫酸溶解時(shí)放出大量的熱，因此濃硫酸稀釋時(shí)應(yīng)該“