【正文】 1乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)控制器軟件設(shè)計(jì)摘 要 本文針對(duì)乒乓球發(fā)球的特點(diǎn)，模擬設(shè)計(jì)了一種乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)控制器。該發(fā)球機(jī)控制器由 8 位單片機(jī) STC89C51 為核心的硬件電路和相關(guān)軟件編程組合而成。實(shí)現(xiàn)改變發(fā)球速度、發(fā)球高度及角度等的功能，以滿足練習(xí)者的不同技術(shù)需求，同時(shí)設(shè)置了隨機(jī)發(fā)球模式，實(shí)現(xiàn)落球點(diǎn)的隨機(jī)變化。本課題的軟件設(shè)計(jì)采用了主函數(shù)調(diào)用各狀態(tài)子程序的方法，完成了按鍵控制、液晶顯示、驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)調(diào)速的功能。配合本組同學(xué)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)完成了單片機(jī)外圍硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)，其中包括電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊、鍵盤模塊及液晶顯示模塊。最后我們?cè)谕瓿捎布娐返姆治龊蛙浖K調(diào)試的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行了聯(lián)機(jī)調(diào)試，對(duì)各模塊電路實(shí)行軟硬件檢測，有效地將兩者結(jié)合起來，完成了系統(tǒng)的整體控制。關(guān)鍵詞：乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)，控制器，發(fā)球模式，單片機(jī)2ABSTRACT Considering the characteristics of the table tennis served，the thesis designs a kind of table tennis serving controller. It is consist of traditional 8 monolithic integrated circuitsSTC89C51 for the hardware circuit design and related software C51 for programming design. It can acplish the function of changing the ball39。s speed，altitude and angle，in order to satisfy the needs of people. Meanwhile the random serving patten was designed and the fall points of the table tennis bee randomly. The software in this essay is designed using the form that the main function calls a subroutine，and finishing the function of button control，liquid crystal display，drive motor speed hardware design produced a peripheral circuit of monolithic integrated circuits including the drive motor module，keyboard module and LCD display module. Finally，on the basis of finishing hardware circuit analysis and software module debug, we match the soft and hardware and test all modules carefully, then the basic function of the system achieves the desired effect.KEYWORDS: the table tennis serving machine，controller，serving pattern，single chip microputer 3目錄第一章 緒論 ....................................................................................................................................................1 本課題的研 究背景和意義 ...................................................................................................................1 國內(nèi)外乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)的研究現(xiàn)狀 .......................................................................................................11． 2． 1 國外乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)的研究現(xiàn)狀 .............................................................................................21． 2． 2 國內(nèi)乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)的研究現(xiàn)狀 .............................................................................................4 本課題研究內(nèi)容與設(shè)計(jì)步驟 ..............................................................................................................5 本課題研究內(nèi)容 ...........................................................................................................................5 本課題設(shè)計(jì)步驟 ...........................................................................................................................6第 2 章 乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)控制器設(shè)計(jì)分析 ........................................................................................................8 乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)及電動(dòng)機(jī)選擇 ...................................................................................................8 主控單片機(jī)的選型 ...............................................................................................................................9 單片機(jī)的主要特性 .......................................................................................................................9 液晶顯示芯片的選擇 .........................................................................................................................10 LCD12864 引腳說明 ..................................................................................................................11 LCD12864 工作時(shí)序 ..................................................................................................................12 驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片的選擇 .................................................................................................................................13 L298N 引腳說明 .........................................................................................................................13 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的調(diào)速方法 .........................................................................................................................15 步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)概述 .........................................................................................................................15 步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速 .....................................................................................................................15 直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速方法 .....................................................................................................................15 直流電動(dòng)機(jī)概述 .........................................................................................................................15 直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速 .....................................................................................................................16第 3 章 乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)控制器硬件設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................17 總體設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................................................18 單片機(jī)的最小系統(tǒng) .............................................................................................................................18 驅(qū)動(dòng)電路模塊 .....................................................................................................................................19 按鍵電路模塊 .....................................................................................................................................20 LCD 液晶顯示電路模塊 ....................................................................................................................20第 4 章 乒乓球發(fā)球機(jī)控制器軟件設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................21 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)概述 ............................................................................................................................21 軟件程序編寫的原則 ................................................................................................................21 程序設(shè)計(jì)方法 ............................................................................................................................22 軟件設(shè)計(jì)步驟 .