【正文】 Opinos adugethry39。mlcAv,fPb20*jZTxMI:EYB()摘要 傳統(tǒng)的電能質(zhì)量參數(shù)測(cè)量系統(tǒng)以硬件為核心，功能單一、成本高，已經(jīng)無法滿足日益復(fù)雜的、多參數(shù)的測(cè)試要求。近年來，隨著電子技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，新的測(cè)試?yán)碚摵头椒ā⑿碌膬x器結(jié)構(gòu)不斷出現(xiàn)，測(cè)量?jī)x器的功能和使用發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化 ,其中最顯著的一點(diǎn)就是虛擬儀器的出現(xiàn)與發(fā)展。虛擬儀器是計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)與測(cè)試測(cè)量?jī)x器技術(shù)相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，具有硬件結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、可自定義儀器功能、數(shù)據(jù)處理和分析功能強(qiáng)大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)歷史數(shù)據(jù)管理和圖形化顯示等功能 。 因此，本論文通過分析國(guó)內(nèi)外電能質(zhì)量測(cè)試裝置的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，針對(duì)目前 電能質(zhì)量測(cè)試過程中所遇到的問題，研究開發(fā)出一種基于虛擬儀器的穩(wěn)態(tài)電能質(zhì)量分析與檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)能夠準(zhǔn)確檢測(cè)出電網(wǎng)頻率、頻率偏差、電壓偏差、三相不平衡度、電壓波動(dòng)、電網(wǎng)諧波等電能質(zhì)量參數(shù)，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)分析，將分析結(jié)果實(shí)時(shí)的顯示出來。論文首先簡(jiǎn)要地介紹了虛擬儀器的概念及構(gòu)成，針對(duì)電能質(zhì)量檢測(cè)的研究現(xiàn)狀，論述了將虛擬儀器技術(shù)應(yīng)用于電能質(zhì)量檢測(cè)的必要性，介紹了系統(tǒng)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)。其次，論文介紹了電能質(zhì)量參數(shù)測(cè)量原理，對(duì)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)及檢測(cè)作了詳細(xì)的闡述。軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)方面，首先對(duì)虛擬儀器開發(fā)平臺(tái) Labview 及其編程語(yǔ) 言作了簡(jiǎn)要介紹，然后詳細(xì)論述了軟件總體結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)電能質(zhì)量參數(shù)測(cè)量的各個(gè)模塊的實(shí)現(xiàn)作了詳細(xì)的說明，并對(duì)電能質(zhì)量參數(shù)的測(cè)量的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。 該測(cè)試系統(tǒng)具有擴(kuò)展性和復(fù)用性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)，可以顯著提高電能質(zhì)量測(cè)試的自動(dòng)化程度。因此 ,使用虛擬儀器進(jìn)行研究、設(shè)計(jì)、測(cè)試將成為電力系統(tǒng)測(cè)試領(lǐng)域的一種趨勢(shì)。最后，就本系統(tǒng)在研究中存在的不足和需要完善的地方做了總結(jié)，指出課題的進(jìn)一步研究工作。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：虛擬儀器， Labview,電能質(zhì)量，電壓波動(dòng)，三相不平衡度，諧波 Opinos adugethry39。mlcAv,fPb20*jZTxMI:EYB()Abstract The traditional Power parameters measuring system mainly based on hardware is singlefunction and highbudget, so it is unsuitable gradually for plicated and multiparameter test. Recent years, with rapid progress of electronic technology and puter technology, new testing theory and method, new instrument structure is appearing. Function and application of measuring instruments has changed a lot. One marked characteristic is appearance and development of Virtual Instrument with the advantage of simple hardware structure, userdefined, powerful data processing and analysis function. Besides, Virtual Instrument can achieve the function of history data management and graphical representation. Therefore, by analyzing the status of power quality testing set home and abroad, in connection with the problems being filled across during testing of power quality, a power quality testing system based on Virtual Instrument is studied and exploited in this thesis. The testing system can measure power quality parameter, such as frequency, frequency deviation, voltage deviation, and threephase degree of unbalance, voltage hunting and harmonic. These parameters also can be analyzed realtime and be displayed in real time. Firstly， basic conception and structure development of Virtual Instrument are introduced generally， with study state of Virtual Instrument and power quality testing, the necessity that makes Virtual Instrument technology apply to power quality testing is exposited. Then, gross structures of the testing system are introduced. Secondly, the measurement principle of power quality parameters are introduced, the detection system design and testing were described in detail. In software part, development platform Labview and programming 摘要 Opinos adugethry39。mlcAv,fPb20*jZTxMI:EYB()language are introduced, discussed total software structure, the measurement of power quality parameters of each module are detailed instructions on implementation, and performs analysis of power quality parameters measurement results. This testing system has many characteristics, such as good expansibility, strong reusability, and it can dramatically improve the automation of power quality testing. For this reason, it will be a trend that using Virtual Instrument to studying, designing and testing in test area of power system. At last, the shortage and some aspects needed improving of the system are given. The outlook of future research is put forward, too. Key words： Virtual instrument, Laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench, Power quality， Voltage fluctuation, threephase unbalance, harmonic 緒論 目錄 ...................................................... 1 研究背景和研究意義 .................................... 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展 .................................. 2 電能質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) .................................... 2 電能質(zhì)量研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展 .......................... 3 虛擬儀器概述 .......................................... 4 虛擬儀器技術(shù)用于電能質(zhì)量測(cè)試的必要性 .................. 6 本文的主要工作 ........................................ 6 2 測(cè)量原理及系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì) ............................... 8 電能質(zhì)量基本概念 ...................................... 8 電能質(zhì)量分類 .......................................... 8 電能質(zhì)量參數(shù)測(cè)量原理 .................................. 9 電壓偏差 ......................................... 9 三相不平衡度 ................................... 10 諧波 ............................................ 12 電壓波動(dòng) ....................................... 14 頻率偏差 ........................................ 14 系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu) ......................................... 15 .......................................... 17 電壓電流傳感器 ....................................... 17 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡 ........................................... 18 .......................................... 19 虛擬儀器開發(fā)工具 Labview 介紹 ......................... 19 系統(tǒng)軟件結(jié)構(gòu) ......................................... 20 電能質(zhì)量測(cè)量模塊 ..................................... 21 基本參數(shù)測(cè)量模塊 ................................ 21 電壓偏差測(cè)量模塊 ................................ 21 三相不平衡度測(cè)量模塊 ............................ 22 諧波 測(cè)量模塊 .................................... 22 電壓波動(dòng)測(cè)量模塊 ................................ 23 頻率偏差測(cè)量模塊 ................................ 24 三相頻譜測(cè)量模塊 ............................... 24 Opinos adugethry39。mlcAv,fPb20*jZTxMI:EYB()5 仿真結(jié)果及分析 .......................................... 26 基本參數(shù)仿真結(jié)果及分析 ............................... 26 三相頻譜仿真結(jié)果及分析 ............................... 27 電網(wǎng)諧波仿真結(jié)果及分析 ............................... 27 三相不平衡度仿真結(jié)果及分析 ........................... 28 電壓與頻率偏差仿真結(jié)果及分析 ......................... 28 電壓波動(dòng)仿真結(jié)果及分析 ............................... 29 6 總結(jié)與展望 ............................................... 30 總結(jié) ................................................. 30 展望 ................................................. 31 參考文獻(xiàn) ..........................