【正文】 八年級上英語語法點滴全套_牛津版★清華大學★英語系測試：為中學英語量身定做.官方網(wǎng)站：清華大學英語教授50年研究成果八年級上英語語法 (一)1) leave的用法1.“l(fā)eave+地點”表示“離開某地”。例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么時候離開上海的？2.“l(fā)eave for+地點”表示“動身去某地”。例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，愛麗斯要去倫敦了。3.“l(fā)eave+地點+for+地點”表示“離開某地去某地”。例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你為什么要離開上海去北京？2) 情態(tài)動詞should“應該”學會使用should作為情態(tài)動詞用，常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等，有“竟會”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什么來得這么晚？should有時表示應當做或發(fā)生的事，例如：We should help each 。我們在使用時要注意以下幾點：1. 用于表示“應該”或“不應該”的概念。此時常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你應該把手洗干凈了再來。 2. 用于提出意見勸導別人。例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感覺不舒服，你最好去看醫(yī)生。3. 用于表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現(xiàn)的考點之一。例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她隨時都可能來。 3) What...? 與 Which...?1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞，都可以指人或事物，但是what僅用來詢問職業(yè)。如：What is your father? 你父親是干什么的？該句相當于：What does your father do?What is your father39。s job?Which 指代的是特定范圍內(nèi)的某一個人。如：Which is Peter? 哪個是皮特？The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背后的那個男孩。2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物沒有范圍的限制；而 Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范圍的限制。如：What color do you like best? （所有顏色）你最喜愛什么顏色？Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范圍）你最喜愛哪一種顏色？3. what 與 which 后都可以接單、復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。如：Which pictures are from China?哪些圖片來自中國？4) 頻度副詞的位置：always（總是，一直）usually（通常）often（常常，經(jīng)常）sometimes（有時候）never（從不）：、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。如：David is often arrives late for school.大衛(wèi)上學經(jīng)常遲到。如：We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天經(jīng)常在7：10去上學。，用來表示強調(diào)。如：Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.有時我步行回家，有時我騎自行車。，主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如：Never have I been there.5) every day 與 everyday1. every day 作狀語，譯為“每一天”。如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天7：10去上學。I decide to read English every day.我決定每天讀英語。2. everyday 作定語，譯為“日常的”。She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚飯后在電視上看日常英語。What39。s your everyday activity?你的日?；顒邮鞘裁?？6) 什么是助動詞（Auxiliary Verb）。被協(xié)助的動詞稱作主要動詞（Main Verb）。助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用，例如：He doesn39。t like 。（doesn39。t是助動詞，無詞義；like是主要動詞，有詞義），可以用來：a. 表示時態(tài)，例如：He is singing.　他在唱歌。He has got married.　他已結(jié)婚。b. 表示語態(tài)，例如：He was sent to England.　他被派往英國。c. 構(gòu)成疑問句，例如：Do you like college life?　你喜歡大學生活嗎？Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學過英語嗎？d. 與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句，例如：I don39。t like him.　 我不喜歡他。e. 加強語氣，例如：Do e to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。He did know that.　 他的確知道那件事。：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do to do　忘記要去做某事?！?未做)forget doing　忘記做過某事。(已做)The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作)He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經(jīng)關了燈了。 ( 已做過關燈的動作)Don39。t forget to e tomorrow.別忘了明天來。(to e動作未做)典型例題 The light in the office is still on. Oh，I forgot___.A. turning it off B. turn it offC. to turn it off D. having turned it off答案：C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著，即關燈的動作沒有發(fā)生，因此用forget to do doing sth表示燈已經(jīng)關上了，而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。 to do 記得去做某事(未做)remember doing記得做過某事(已做)Remember to go to the post office after school.記著放學后去趟郵局。Don39。t you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?8) It39。s for It39。s of sb. sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：It39。s very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。 sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。It39。s very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。 與of 的辨別方法：用介詞后面的代詞作主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：You are nice.(通順，所以應用of)。He is hard.(人是困難的，不通，因此應用for。)9) 對兩個句子的提問新目標英語在命題中有將對句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢，現(xiàn)在采取的作法是對一個句子進行自由提問。例如：句子：The boy in blue has three pens.提問： has three pens? boy has three pens? does the boy in blue have? many pens does the boy in blue have?很顯然，學生多了更多的回答角度，也體現(xiàn)了考試的靈活性。再如：句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提問： usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday? time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday? does he usually go to the park with his friends?10) so、such與不定冠詞的使用、an連用，結(jié)構(gòu)為“so+形容詞+a/an+名詞”。如：He is so funny a boy.Jim has so big a house.、an連用，結(jié)構(gòu)為“such+a/an+形容詞+名詞”。如：It is such a nice day.That was such an interesting story.八年級上英語語法 (二)11) 使用ing分詞的幾種情況。如：He is watching TV in the room.They were dancing at nine o39。clock last night. be結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river. fun/problems結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.。如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball.：enjoy doing sth 樂于做某事finish doing sth完成做某事feel like doing sth 想要做某事stop doing sth 停止做某事forget doing sth 忘記做過某事go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事remember doing sth 記得做過某事like doing sth 喜歡做某事keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事find sb doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事try doing sth 試圖做某事need doing sth 需要做某事prefer doing sth 寧愿做某事mind doing sth 介意做某事practice doing sth 練習做某事be busy doing sth 忙于做某事can39。t help doing sth 禁不住做某事miss doing sth 錯過做某事 12) 英語中的“單數(shù)”，即可用“he,she,it”代替的。如：he, she, itmy friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary39。s uncle。如：man（單數(shù)）men（復數(shù)） banana（單數(shù)）bananas（復數(shù)），第三人稱單數(shù)形式，ing分詞，過去式，過去分詞。如：gogoesgoingwentgone workworksworkingworkedworkedwatchw