高三英語：專題九非謂語動詞十一-專題熱點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)(已修改)
2025-06-19 23:51 本頁面
【正文】 2011年高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)專題九 非謂語動詞（十一）——專題熱點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)熱點(diǎn)一 非謂語動詞的句法功能名稱主語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語表語定語狀語不定式√√√√√√動名詞√√√√現(xiàn)在分詞√√√√過去分詞√√√√熱點(diǎn)二 分詞、不定式作賓補(bǔ)用法要點(diǎn)一、分詞、不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別1．感官動詞see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役動詞have 后面的賓補(bǔ)有三種形式，即原形動詞（不帶to 的不定式）、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞表主動或正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞表被動或完成，動詞原形表主動和完成。如：I heard her sing an English song just now. 剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌。I heard her singing and English song when I passed by her room ，我聽見她在唱英文歌。I heard the English song sung many 。注意：不及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表完成和狀態(tài)。如：I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone. (狀態(tài))I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. (完成)2．leave 后接三種形式作賓補(bǔ)時，其中的leave 保留了原來之義“留下”，但表達(dá)的確切之義應(yīng)是“使……處于某種狀態(tài)）。leave sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事（賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示動作正在進(jìn)行。）leave sth. undone 留下某事未做（賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是動賓關(guān)系，表示被動和完成，一般以undone, unfinished, unsettled, untouched 為多）leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事leave sth. to be done 留下某事要做（不定式表示將來的動作。）如：It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你讓機(jī)器一直開著是不對的。（主動，正在進(jìn)行）The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious. 客人們沒有動大部分菜，因?yàn)樗鼈儑L起來不可口。（被動，完成）He left, leaving me to do all the rest work. 他走了，留下我一人去做剩余的工所有工作。（主動，將來）We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. 我們匆匆忙忙導(dǎo)結(jié)束了會議，留下了很多問題等待解決。（被動，將來）3．have, get 后接的三種形式作賓補(bǔ)（其中heave, get 表示“使、讓、叫”之意）① have sth. done = get sth. done “使/讓某事由別人去做”（叫/讓某人做某事）。如I’ll have /get my bike repaired ，have sth. done 還表示“使遭受……”之意。如Tom had his leg broken while playing football.Mr. Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday. ② have sb. / sth. doing 使/讓某人/物持續(xù)地做某事（現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，正在進(jìn)行）get sb. / sth. doing 使某人/物開始行動起來如：The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time. 農(nóng)忙時，農(nóng)民們讓拖拉機(jī)夜以繼日地干活。The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest. 休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進(jìn)起來。注意：“have sb. doing”若用于否定句中，其中have 有“容忍”之意。如：I won’t have you speaking to your parents like 。Don’t have the water running all the time. 不要讓水流個不停。③ have sb. do sth. (get sb. to do sth. ) 使/讓/叫某人去做某事如：Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. I can’t get him to stop smoking. He won’t listen to me. 二、下列動詞后跟帶to 的不定式作補(bǔ)語advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, think, wait for, call on, depend on 等。如：① An army spokesman stressed that all thd soldiers had been ordered to issue clear warning before firing any shots. ② The teacher asked us not to make so much noise.③ The flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.三、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)小竅門下列動詞后在主動語態(tài)中用不帶to 的不定式作補(bǔ)語，但在被動語態(tài)中要加上to：它們是“吾看三室兩廳一感覺”——5看（look at, see, watch,
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