【正文】 后四連桿低位放頂煤液壓支架畢業(yè)設計說明書摘 要縱觀世界液壓支架的發(fā)展歷史，從1854年英國率先研制成功了液壓支架到現(xiàn)在，液壓支架的設計研發(fā)已經(jīng)基本成熟。液壓支架是機械化采煤的重要設備之一，為此對它的設計研發(fā)有重大的意義。本次設計，通過任務書的要求，設計適用于煤層厚度為5~12米滿足底板和頂板要求的的低位放頂煤液壓支架。通過對現(xiàn)有低位放頂煤液壓支架的分析，優(yōu)勢對比，設計出適合的結(jié)構形式，最后對立柱、頂梁、掩護梁和底座進行了強度校核計算。關鍵字：低位放頂煤液壓支架；立柱；頂梁；掩護梁；底座；放煤機構。 Abstract Throughout the development of hydraulic support world history, from 1854 developed the first successful English hydraulic support to the present, hydraulic support design and development has been basically mature. Mechanized coal mining hydraulic support is one of the important equipment, for its design and development of great significance. The design, through the mission statement of requirements, design suitable for seam thickness of 5 to 12 meters to meet the requirements of floor and roof caving hydraulic support low.Through the existing lowlevel caving hydraulic support analysis, advantages pared to design a suitable structure, the last of columns, roof beams, beam shield, the base for the strength check calculation.Keywords: Low caving hydraulic support。 column。 roof beams。 shield beam。 base。 caving agency.目 錄 摘 要 IAbstract II第1章 緒論 1 放頂煤綜采法的優(yōu)缺點 1 放頂煤液壓支架的發(fā)展歷史 1 放頂煤液壓支架結(jié)構的基本特點 2 放頂煤液壓支架的分類 2 3 放頂煤液壓支架使用條件 3 放頂煤液壓支架適用范圍 3第2章 支架的總體方案設計 4 4 支架結(jié)構方案設計 4 中反四連桿放頂煤液壓支架 4 中正四連桿低位放頂煤液壓支架 5 中四連桿低位放頂煤液壓支架 6第3章 液壓支架的整體結(jié)構尺寸設計 9 液壓支架設計的基本要求和基本參數(shù) 9 9 9 10 支架高度 10 支架的伸縮比 11 支架間距的確定 12 底座長度的確定 12 頂梁長度的確定 13 頂梁的長度計算 13 頂梁寬度 14 頂梁覆蓋率 14 15 支架立柱數(shù)的確定 15 支撐方式 16 立柱間距 16 立柱柱窩位置的確定 16第4章 液壓支架的部件結(jié)構設計 17 頂梁 17 立柱 17 掩護梁 17 四連桿機構 18 四連桿機構的作用 18 四連桿機構的幾何特征 18 用幾何作圖法來設計四連桿機構 19 底座 23 側(cè)護板 23 千斤頂 24 推移千斤頂 24 側(cè)推千斤頂 24 前梁千斤頂 24 24 后推移輸送機千斤頂 25 放煤機構設計 26第5章 液壓支架受力分析 27 27 27 27 移駕力和推溜力 28 支柱及相關液壓系統(tǒng)參數(shù)確定 28 液壓支架立柱強度驗算 31 31 32 33 缸體的強度驗算 37 37 液壓支架受力分析 38 40 前梁受力分析 41 頂梁受力分析 41 掩護梁受力分析 43 支架底座受力分析 44第6章 支架強度計算 47 47 液壓支架的強度校核 49 49 53 底座的強度校核 59 65結(jié) 論 72致 謝 73參考文獻 74CONTENTSAbstract IIThe introduction chapter 1 1 advantages and disadvantages of the caving fully mechanized method 1 development history of the caving hydraulic support 1 basic characteristics of the caving hydraulic support structure 2 The classification of the caving hydraulic support 2 caving hydraulic support use conditions and applicable scope 3 The caving hydraulic support conditions of use 3 The caving hydraulic support scope 3Overall design of bracket of chapter 2 4 Design task 4 Support structure design 4 In the four connecting rod caving hydraulic support 4 Chiang kaishek fourbar low caving hydraulic support 5 In the four connecting rod caving hydraulic support low 6Chapter 3, the overall structure size of the hydraulic support design 99 The basic requirement of the hydraulic support design and basic parameters 9 The design of hydraulic support 9 The design of hydraulic support basic requirements 9 The parameters of the hydraulic support 10 Bracket height 10 Stent expansion ratio 11 Stent spacing is determined 12 determination of base length 12 Determination of top beam length 13 The length of the top beam is calculated 13 Top beam width 14 Top beam coverage 14 column position 15 Stents, determine the number of columns 15 Strut way 16 Column spacing 16 Column column nest position 16Chapter 4 of the hydraulic support parts structure design 17 Top beam 17 Column 17 Cover beam 17 The four bar linkage 18 role of the four bar linkage 18 geometrical characteristics of the four bar linkage 18 geometric mapping method to design a four bar linkage 19 The base 23 The side guard 23 Jack 24 Goes on jack 24 Side pushing jack 24 Before jack liang 24 Protection to help jack 24 After jack goes on conveyor 25 Coal mechanism design 26Chapter 5 hydraulic support force analysis 27 The determination of hydraulic support basic technical parameters 27 Support strength 27 The early support force 27 Shift driving force and pushing force 28 Pillar and the related parameters in the hydraulic system 28 Hydraulic support pillar strength calculation 31 known parameters 31 cylinder stability calculation 32 strength of the piston rod is calculated 33 The strength of the cylinder block 37 technical parameters of hydraulic support 37 Hydraulic support force analysis 38 the overall stress analysis 40 Before the beam force analysis 41 Top beam force analysis 41 Cover the beam stress analysis 43 Support base of stress analysis 44Chapter 6 stent strength calculation 47 Strength condition 47 Hydraulic support intensity 49 Liang Liang intensity 49 beam intensity 53 strength of the base respectively 59 beam intensity 65Conclusion 72Acknowledgements 73Bibliography 74VIII第1章 緒論 放頂煤綜采法的優(yōu)缺點優(yōu)點：1 生產(chǎn)集中化程度高，大大減少采區(qū)數(shù)目與工作面的巷道掘進量，以及相應的支護，維護等工作量與材料消耗。2 依靠礦壓自動破煤，大大減少設備的動力。缺點：1煤的回收率一般較分層開采時低2 易使頂板矸石與放落的頂煤相混合，使煤的含矸率增加。3 對防火，防塵的要求高。4 受頂板和煤層特性的限制，工作面推進速度也受一定的限制。 放頂煤液壓支架的發(fā)展歷史 放頂煤支架是綜采放頂煤技術的核心設備。自20世紀70年代以來，我國放頂煤支架經(jīng)歷了從引進國外的高位開天窗式單輸送機放頂煤支架和中位開天窗式雙輸送機放頂煤支架，到自行研制的四柱支撐掩護式低位放頂煤支架的發(fā)展過程，每一次架型的重大改革都帶來了放頂煤技術的重大進步，成為放頂煤技術發(fā)展階段的標志。目前，在我國煤礦高位和中位放頂煤支架已被淘汰，在放頂煤工作面推廣使用的主導架型有正連桿四柱支撐掩護式低位放頂煤支架、反向四連桿四柱支撐掩護式低位放頂煤支架和單擺桿四柱支撐掩護式低位放頂煤支架[7]。這三種型式的支架在不同的開采條件下取得良好的效果，為放頂煤技術的發(fā)展提供了裝備技術的保證。 法國是最早生產(chǎn)和應用放頂煤液壓支架的國家，20世紀60年代法國率先研制出節(jié)式放頂煤液壓支架，開采特厚煤層并獲得成功，70年代法國、英國、匈牙利、原聯(lián)邦德國和前蘇聯(lián)等國家又先后研制出插板式、開天窗式和開后門式放頂煤液壓支架，使得特厚煤層開采工藝有了新的突破，量和效率不斷提高。我國放頂煤液壓支架