【正文】 期末考試英語復習Test 1 Passage onePeople can be addicted to different things—., alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are pulsive (強迫性的)：., they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are pulsive spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This pulsion, like most others, is irrational—impossible to explain reasonably. For pulsive spenders who buy on credit（賒欠）, charge accounts（賒購賬戶）, are even more exciting than money. In other words, pulsive spenders feel that with credit they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.There is even a special psychology of bargain（特價商品）hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things they do and the real reason.It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also businesspeople. Stores, panies and advertisers use psychology to increase business: They consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales method. Psychologists often use a method called “behavior therapy”（療法）to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.1. According to the psychologists, a pulsive spender is one who spends large amounts of money .C) just to meet his or her strong psychological need2. According to the author, pulsive bargain hunters are in constant search of the lowest possible prices .D) but they seldom admit they feel satisfied if they can get things for less than others3. Which of the following is true? .B) Businesspeople and advertisers can use the psychology of money to increase sales.4. The article is mainly about .A) the psychology of moneyspending habits5. From the passage we may safely conclude that pulsive spenders or pulsive bargain hunters .B) need special treatmentPassage twoOver the past 600 years, English has grown from a language of few speakers to bee the dominant language of international munication. English as we know it today emerged around 1350, after having incorporated many elements of French that were introduced following the Norman invasion of 1066. Until the 1600s, English was, for the most part, spoken only in England and had not extended even as far as Wales, Scotland, or Ireland. However, during the course of the next two centuries, English began to spread around the globe as a result of exploration, trade (including slave trade), colonization and missionary work. Thus, small enclaves（聚居地）of English speakers became established and grew in various parts of the world. As these munities proliferated, English gradually became the primary language of international business, banking, and diplomacy. Then came the 20th century and its burst of technology. Suddenly people were talking across oceans, flying across continents, hearing broadcasts that reverberated around the planet. Language spread faster than ever. The world wars carried American and British soldiers around the world, pollinating English as they went. When World War Ⅱ ended, the English language was barreling（高速行駛）forward on the shoulders of American capitalism