【正文】 管理學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文中小企業(yè)的融資問題與對策研究學(xué)生姓名：XXXX學(xué)　　號：XXX?！　I(yè)：財務(wù)管理（財務(wù)管理方向）指導(dǎo)教師：XXX26 / 36Small and medium enterprises financing and research the countermeasuresThis is Submitted to ZHEJIANG SHUREN UNIVERSITY(CHINA)For the Degree of Undergraduate of Business AdminstrationCandidate : SuperVior : Education Unit: MANAGEMENT INSTITUTEMay24, 2010承 諾 書我謹(jǐn)此鄭重承諾：本畢業(yè)論文是本人在指導(dǎo)老師指導(dǎo)下獨立撰寫完成的。凡涉及他人觀點和材料，均依據(jù)著作規(guī)范作了注釋。如有抄襲或其它違反知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的情況，本人愿接受學(xué)校處分。 承諾人（簽名）： 年 月 日目 錄摘 要 IAbstract II圖目錄 IV表目錄 V1 緒 論 1 選題背景和理論意義 1 文獻(xiàn)綜述 2 研究方法與設(shè)計 8 研究內(nèi)容 9 9 中小企業(yè)自身的缺陷是造成融資難的主要原因 9 10 政府對國有企業(yè)的政策扶持慣性, 是造成目前中小企業(yè)融資難現(xiàn)狀的另一重要原因 11 缺乏有效的擔(dān)保機制和其他融資方式,使中小企業(yè)融資渠道狹窄，融資更為困難 12 15 15 17 17，真正實現(xiàn)多渠道融資 19 21參考文獻(xiàn) 22致 謝 24摘 要20世紀(jì)90年代以來，伴隨著信息技術(shù)革命與經(jīng)濟全球化而到來的新經(jīng)濟時代使社會生產(chǎn)方式發(fā)生了很大的變化，以計算機、通訊、信息產(chǎn)業(yè)為主要內(nèi)容的高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)成為推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主導(dǎo)力量,這促使一大批中小型高科技企業(yè)的迅速形成和發(fā)展。中小企業(yè)是我國國民經(jīng)濟的重要組成部分,在經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中具有大企業(yè)無法替代的特殊的戰(zhàn)略地位。小企業(yè)作為活躍市場的基本力量,容納了社會上大多數(shù)的就業(yè)人員,在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟增長及解決就業(yè)和再就業(yè)過程中,發(fā)揮著重要作用。中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展需要強有力的金融支持，但由于企業(yè)自身和我國經(jīng)濟體制等多方面的原因，致使我國中小企業(yè)普遍存在的融資難的問題，融資難造成中小企業(yè)融資方式單一，融資渠道狹隘，融資結(jié)構(gòu)存在許多缺陷。融資難嚴(yán)重制約了我國中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展速度。目前的全球經(jīng)濟危機對我國中小企業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了很大的影響，不少中小企業(yè)因為缺乏資金，面臨著即將倒閉的困境，而且從更長遠(yuǎn)的角度來看，融資難問題已經(jīng)成為阻礙中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的主要原因。想要解決中小企業(yè)生存和發(fā)展上的障礙，能夠想盡辦法解決中小企業(yè)融資問題，無疑是一條有效的途徑。在當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的情況下，采取什么樣的辦法解決中小企業(yè)的融資問題是值得我們?nèi)ヌ接懙?。本文著重研究了我國中小企業(yè)融資的現(xiàn)狀并針對融資過程中存在的問題，分析原因，探索解決對策，就如何改善中小企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀、拓寬其融資渠道提出一些建議，來解決我國中小企業(yè)融資問題，加快我國中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展，促進(jìn)我國國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。關(guān)鍵詞：中小企業(yè)，融資，現(xiàn)狀，對策Abstract 20th century since the 9039。s, along with the information technology revolution and economic globalization and the advent of the new economic era of social modes of production has changed to the puter, munications and information industry as the main content of the hightech industries to promote economic development as a the leading force, which a large number of small and mediumsized hightech enterprises to the rapid formation and development. China39。s SMEs are an important part of the national economy, in economic and social development can not be replaced with the large enterprises of the special strategic business market as the basic active forces in society to acmodate the majority of workers, in promoting economic growth and address the employment and reemployment process, plays an important role. The development of small and mediumsized the need for a strong financial support, but because of their own and China39。s economic system, and many other reasons, led to China39。s difficulties in financing for small and mediumsized widespread problem, causing difficulties in financing for small and mediumsized single mode of financing, the financing channels for narrowminded, There are many deficiencies in the financing structure. Financing small and medium enterprises has seriously hampered the pace of development in China. The current global economic crisis on China39。s survival and development of SMEs have had a great impact because of the lack of funding, many SMEs are faced with the plight of imminent collapse, but from a longterm perspective, the issue of financing has bee an obstacle to small and mediumsized the main reasons for enterprise development. Want to solve the survival and development of small and mediumsized obstacles, to try to solve the financing problem of SMEs is an effective way. In the current context of economic crisis, what kind of financing solutions to small and mediumsized problem is worth exploring.This article focuses on small and medium enterprises financing in China for the financing of the current situation and problems in the process, analyze the causes and solutions to explore ways to improve the status of SME financing, broaden its financing channels to make some suggestions to solve the financing problem of SMEs in China, China to speed up the development of SMEs, and promote the development of China39。s national economy.Key words: Small and mediumsized enterprise, financing, Countermeasures圖目錄圖1：企業(yè)外源融資的資金來源渠道 13圖2：企業(yè)自有資金所占比例 14圖3：浙江省中小企業(yè)意愿融資比例 16表目錄圖1：企業(yè)有融資需求時首先選擇的融資方式 141 緒 論 選題背景和理論意義資本是企業(yè)生存和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵性問題,企業(yè)要生存和發(fā)展就得擁有一定數(shù)量的資金。然而, 許多中小企業(yè)恰恰缺少經(jīng)營、發(fā)展所必需的資金。這樣, 這些中小企業(yè)就往往面臨著無法回避的融資問題, 融資問題就成為了這些企業(yè)經(jīng)營發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的核心問題。企業(yè)融資應(yīng)當(dāng)有利于實現(xiàn)企業(yè)順利健康成長和企業(yè)價值最大化的實現(xiàn),融資過程中既要注意防止資金籌集過多, 造成資金閑置, 增加成本與風(fēng)險；又要注意企業(yè)融資制度必須在宏觀融資體制的框架下做出選擇。而目前, 我國融資大環(huán)境長期以國有企業(yè), 特別是國有大型企業(yè)為主體，同時又缺乏專門服務(wù)于中小企業(yè)的金融機構(gòu), 這是中小企業(yè)間接融資困難的一個反映。而另一方面中小企業(yè)融資規(guī)模較小,資信度低等情況也在很大程度上限制了中小企業(yè)從銀行或資本市場的籌資。融資活動是企業(yè)資金管理中的重要一環(huán)，企業(yè)融資決策決定著企業(yè)的資本結(jié)構(gòu)， 而融資決策往往受制于其當(dāng)時的金融環(huán)境。企業(yè)的資金可以從多渠道、多方式來籌集，不同來源的資金，其使用時間的長短、附加條款的限制、財務(wù)風(fēng)險的大小、資金成本的高低都不一樣。中小企業(yè)要想在我國市場經(jīng)濟改革中完全成長起來，就非常有必要擴大融資渠道，在不斷積累自有資金的同時，還要通過一切正規(guī)合法的手段來擴充資本。如今中小企業(yè)融資難已成為當(dāng)前我國理論界和實踐領(lǐng)域所共同關(guān)注的一個重大問題。只有抓住問題從理論上正確認(rèn)識造成中小企業(yè)融資問題的原因，才能從根本上解決我國現(xiàn)階段存在的中小企業(yè)融資難這一制約經(jīng)濟持續(xù)增長的關(guān)鍵問題。中小企業(yè)由于負(fù)債較多，經(jīng)營業(yè)績惡化，大多數(shù)中小企業(yè)信用急劇下降，往往形成：“資金缺乏業(yè)績惡化