【正文】 摘要工業(yè)鍋爐是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中重要的動力設(shè)備。蒸汽鍋爐主要作用是向各生產(chǎn)裝置或設(shè)備提供所需的合格蒸汽。其控制質(zhì)量的優(yōu)劣不僅關(guān)系到鍋爐自身運行的效果，而且還直接影響到相關(guān)裝置或設(shè)備生產(chǎn)過程的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性。因此要求鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)有效控制鍋爐汽包水位的穩(wěn)定，蒸汽壓力的穩(wěn)定和燃料的充分燃燒。本文敘述了工業(yè)蒸汽鍋爐系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理，介紹了其控制系統(tǒng)功能，重點探究了以功能強大的可編程控制器為控制核心的硬件模塊化配置和軟件系統(tǒng)的模塊化設(shè)計，具體探究了蒸汽鍋爐自動控制系統(tǒng)中幾個重要控制回路的動態(tài)運行特點以及與之對應(yīng)的控制算法。充分利用可編程控制器豐富的軟硬件資源，特別是PID 控制，以改善整個控制系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)品質(zhì)，以使系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性得到很大提高。關(guān)鍵詞：可編程控制器，汽包水位，蒸汽壓力，爐膛負壓1THE DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM OF STEAM BOILER BASED ON PLCAbstract：The industrial boiler is an important motive equipments in the production line .The main function of steam boiler supply kinds of equipments need of qualified stream .The good and bad of its control quality influence not only its run result, but also the stability and the credibility of the related equipments directly. This paper describe the structure of the system and the work principle about industrial steam boiler adding to its function of control system .The paper importantly investigate the modularization design of hardware and software based on strong PLC, which is the core of the whole system. It concretely investigate a few dynamic states of the well controlling steam boiler in according to control loop arithmetic. Make well use of the PLC’s many soft and hardware resources, especially PID control to improve the dynamic state quality of the whole control system in order to make whole the system get a very great exaltation in stability and credibility.Key words: PLC, water position of boiler, stream pressure, heart negative pressure2目 錄1 緒論 ................................................................................................................................12 鍋爐的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 ...............................................................................................13 鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)框圖 .......................................................................................................24 控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計 ...................................................................................................2 PLC 機型的選擇 ........................................................................................................2 輸入輸出模塊的選擇 ...............................................................................................3 傳感器或變送器的選擇 ...........................................................................................3 溫度變送器的選擇 ...................................................................................................4 壓力傳感器的選擇 ...................................................................................................5 流量變送器的選擇 ...................................................................................................5 水位傳感器的選擇 ...................................................................................................6 變頻器的選擇 ............................................................................................................75 控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 .......................................................................................................7 控制系統(tǒng)的軟件流程圖 ...........................................................................................7 I/O 口分配 ..................................................................................................................8 PLC 的電氣接線圖 ....................................................................................................8 鍋爐控制過程設(shè)計 ...................................................................................................8 PID