【正文】
我國(guó)科技類博物館發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀分析和問題思考謝莉嬌 徐善衍收稿日期:20090410基金項(xiàng)目:中國(guó)科協(xié)科普專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目“我國(guó)科技類博物館現(xiàn)狀及其發(fā)展對(duì)策研究”。*作者簡(jiǎn)介:謝莉嬌,清華大學(xué)科技與社會(huì)研究所博士后研究人員,主要研究方向?yàn)榭茖W(xué)傳播與科技政策、公共科技服務(wù),現(xiàn)供職于北京市科委,Email:xljyouou@;徐善衍,中國(guó)科協(xié)-清華大學(xué)科學(xué)傳播與普及研究中心理事長(zhǎng),教授,中國(guó)自然科學(xué)博物館協(xié)會(huì)理事長(zhǎng),Email:xusy@。(清華大學(xué)科技與社會(huì)研究所,北京100084)[摘 要] 根據(jù)《全民科學(xué)素質(zhì)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃綱要(200620102020年)》和《科普基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施發(fā)展規(guī)劃(200820102015)》中的概念界定,科技類博物館是指以面向社會(huì)公眾開展科普教育為主要功能,主要展示自然科學(xué)和工程技術(shù)科學(xué)以及農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)、醫(yī)藥科學(xué)等內(nèi)容的博物館。其中包括科學(xué)技術(shù)館(科學(xué)中心)、自然博物館、天文館、工程技術(shù)博物館等。近10年來(lái),我國(guó)科技類博物館在增量建設(shè)和內(nèi)容建設(shè)方面有了較大進(jìn)展,但因其涉及學(xué)科、行業(yè)門類的多樣性、管理體制的多頭化、運(yùn)行體制的單一性和展教方式的簡(jiǎn)單化,使其在運(yùn)行發(fā)展中還存在很多問題,受到諸多制約。對(duì)其現(xiàn)狀的厘清和思考有利于我國(guó)科技類博物館的可持續(xù)健康發(fā)展,更好地履行和發(fā)揮科普?qǐng)鲳^的科學(xué)傳播與普及功能。[關(guān)鍵詞] 科技類博物館 現(xiàn)狀 問題 思考[中圖分類號(hào)] G269 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 16738357(2010)04003506The Status Quo and Problems of the Development of Chinese Science andTechnology MuseumXie Lijiao Xu Shanyan(Center for Science,Technology and Society,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)Abstract:Museums categorized under the sort of science and technology in China embrace science and technology museums(science centers),natural history museums,planetaria,industrial(thematic)museums,engineering and technology museums,and some others. Over the past decade,Chinese science and technology museum has made great progress both in incremental construction and content construction. But due to the diversity of the subcategories,multiplegovernance system in management,monopattern in operation and the simplistic approach of exhibition services,there are many constraints and problems for such museums. To Clarify their status quo and ponder over those problems will defenitely contribute to the sustainability of the healthy development of the museums,as well as the better fulfillment and exertion of their function in popularizing science and technology.Keywords:science and technology museum;th