【正文】 學(xué)院商學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）題 目 貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義演進(jìn)及中國應(yīng)對(duì)策略國際經(jīng)濟(jì)與貿(mào)易專業(yè)，2 級(jí) 班 學(xué)生姓名專業(yè)班級(jí)指導(dǎo)教師系 別學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào)畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明所提交的畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）是本人在指導(dǎo)教師的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。除文中特別加以標(biāo)注的地方外，論文中不包含他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表的學(xué)術(shù)成果或者他人為獲得高等院校學(xué)位而使用過的材料，論文（設(shè)計(jì)）中不涉及任何知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)糾紛。否則，本人將承擔(dān)一切責(zé)任。學(xué)生簽名：__________ 日 期：__________ 浙江萬里學(xué)院商學(xué)院 貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義演進(jìn)及中國應(yīng)對(duì)策略I摘 要縱觀國際貿(mào)易的發(fā)展史，不論是在自由貿(mào)易時(shí)期、壟斷時(shí)期，還是經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化時(shí)代，貿(mào)易保護(hù)都是一種事實(shí)上的常態(tài)，活躍于國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的各個(gè)歷史舞臺(tái)。每一歷史階段，不同的國家都通過不同的國際貿(mào)易理論、政策與制度體現(xiàn)了貿(mào)易保護(hù)的特定功能與歷史作用，清晰地展現(xiàn)了貿(mào)易保護(hù)制度在理論上從重商主義到新貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義、在政策上從單純的貿(mào)易保護(hù)到有保護(hù)的自由貿(mào)易、在制度形式上從關(guān)稅制度到非關(guān)稅制度、在制度范圍上從一國內(nèi)的措施到國家之間的協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展與演變的客觀歷史過程。歷史的規(guī)律為我們把握現(xiàn)實(shí)與未來奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。研究歷史，認(rèn)清現(xiàn)狀，對(duì)于我國政府和企業(yè)界具有十分重要的意義。我國政府和企業(yè)必須清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到貿(mào)易保護(hù)制度客觀存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)，認(rèn)真探討應(yīng)對(duì)貿(mào)易保護(hù)制度的措施。本文總結(jié)了貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的歷史演變過程，分析了理論產(chǎn)生的背景，在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)該理論的實(shí)施內(nèi)容和保護(hù)手段進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的歸納總結(jié)。然后，剖析了貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義產(chǎn)生的原因及其發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)，探討了中國在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中所遭受到的貿(mào)易摩擦的類型及其成因，最后提出中國應(yīng)對(duì)貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的策略：加強(qiáng)國內(nèi)立法和執(zhí)法等措施。關(guān)鍵詞：貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義；演進(jìn)；應(yīng)對(duì)策略浙江萬里學(xué)院商學(xué)院 貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義演進(jìn)及中國應(yīng)對(duì)策略IIAbstractAccording to the development of the international trade history, the trade protectionism plays a significant role in each stage ranging from the free trade time, monopoly time to the economic globalization time. With looks back on the background and the theories of the legal system of the trade protection and collecting laws and regulations relating to the trade protection in the main countries，the legal characteristics and the implementing impact of the legal system of trade protection in different stages are analyzed. The theories of the legal system of the trade protection are from the mercantile system to the new protectionism. The trade protection policy is from pure trade protection to the free trade policy with trade protection. And the process of forms and scope of the system is also clear.The historical rule will grasp the reality and the future for us has laid the solid realistic foundation. The research on history, clearly recognizes the present situation, and has the very vital significance regarding to our country Government and the business munity. China Government and the enterprises must realize the reality of the existence of the trade protection system and discuss earnestly to deal with the trade protection system39。s measure. This thesis summarizes the historical process of trade protectionism and introduces the background of this theory. Based on that, the content and the methods of protectionism are concluded in detail. And then this dissertation analyzes the characteristics of the protectionism’s causes and development processes. Finally, the countermeasures of coping with the protectionism are given after introducing the trade friction encountered by China during the foreign trade.Keywords：Trade protectionism。 Evolution。 Strategy浙江萬里學(xué)院商學(xué)院 貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義演進(jìn)及中國應(yīng)對(duì)策略III目 錄1 緒論 ..............................................................................................................................................1 研究背景及意義 ............................................................................................................1 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀分析 ...................................................................................................2 國內(nèi)現(xiàn)階段對(duì)貿(mào)易保護(hù)和貿(mào)易政策的研究 ..............................................2 貿(mào)易保護(hù)制度的演進(jìn)階段 ..............................................................................3 關(guān)于應(yīng)對(duì)貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的措施研究 ............................................................4 研究的思路與方法 .......................................................................................................52 國際貿(mào)易保護(hù)政策的演進(jìn) .....................................................................................................7 資本原始積累時(shí)期：重商主義的貿(mào)易保護(hù) .........................................................7 自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)資本主義時(shí)期：后起的資本主義國家的幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)保護(hù)論 ............8 亞歷山大漢密爾頓的貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義思想 ..............................................8 弗里德里希李斯特的保護(hù)幼稚工業(yè)思想 ..............................................9 資本主義壟斷時(shí)期：凱恩斯主義的新重商主義 ..............................................11 戰(zhàn)后世界貿(mào)易自由化傾向時(shí)期：發(fā)展中國家的貿(mào)易保護(hù) ............................12 新貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義 ..........................................................................................................143 當(dāng)代貿(mào)易保護(hù)措施的新特點(diǎn) ..............................................................................................16 貿(mào)易保護(hù)措施被“濫用” .......................................................................................16 關(guān)稅措施的濫用 ..............................................................................................16 救濟(jì)措施濫用 ...................................................................................................16 產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)濫用 ...................................................................................................16 匯率政策濫用 ...................................................................................................17 許可措施濫用 ...................................................................................................17 保護(hù)范圍的廣泛性 .....................................................................................................17 政府干預(yù)的主動(dòng)性 .....................................................................................................17 保護(hù)手段更加多樣性 ................................................................................................18 保護(hù)方式更加區(qū)域性 ................................................................................................184 我國所遭遇主要的貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端分析 .....................................................................................20 遭遇頻繁的反傾銷為主的貿(mào)易救濟(jì)訴訟 ............................................................20 遭遇技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘 ................................................................................................21 知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)爭(zhēng)端成為新的貿(mào)易壁壘 ..........................................................................22 遭遇“歧視性政府采購”的損害 ..........................................................................22浙江萬里學(xué)院商學(xué)院 貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義演進(jìn)及中國應(yīng)對(duì)策略IV 利用信息不對(duì)稱對(duì)中國產(chǎn)品“抹黑” ......