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學院商學院畢業(yè)論文(設計)題 目 貿易保護主義演進及中國應對策略國際經(jīng)濟與貿易專業(yè),2 級 班 學生姓名專業(yè)班級指導教師系 別學生學號畢業(yè)論文(設計)獨創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明所提交的畢業(yè)論文(設計)是本人在指導教師的指導下進行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。除文中特別加以標注的地方外,論文中不包含他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表的學術成果或者他人為獲得高等院校學位而使用過的材料,論文(設計)中不涉及任何知識產(chǎn)權糾紛。否則,本人將承擔一切責任。學生簽名:__________ 日 期:__________ 浙江萬里學院商學院 貿易保護主義演進及中國應對策略I摘 要縱觀國際貿易的發(fā)展史,不論是在自由貿易時期、壟斷時期,還是經(jīng)濟全球化時代,貿易保護都是一種事實上的常態(tài),活躍于國際經(jīng)濟貿易的各個歷史舞臺。每一歷史階段,不同的國家都通過不同的國際貿易理論、政策與制度體現(xiàn)了貿易保護的特定功能與歷史作用,清晰地展現(xiàn)了貿易保護制度在理論上從重商主義到新貿易保護主義、在政策上從單純的貿易保護到有保護的自由貿易、在制度形式上從關稅制度到非關稅制度、在制度范圍上從一國內的措施到國家之間的協(xié)調機制的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展與演變的客觀歷史過程。歷史的規(guī)律為我們把握現(xiàn)實與未來奠定了堅實的現(xiàn)實基礎。研究歷史,認清現(xiàn)狀,對于我國政府和企業(yè)界具有十分重要的意義。我國政府和企業(yè)必須清醒地認識到貿易保護制度客觀存在的現(xiàn)實,認真探討應對貿易保護制度的措施。本文總結了貿易保護主義的歷史演變過程,分析了理論產(chǎn)生的背景,在此基礎上對該理論的實施內容和保護手段進行了系統(tǒng)的歸納總結。然后,剖析了貿易保護主義產(chǎn)生的原因及其發(fā)展的特點,探討了中國在對外貿易中所遭受到的貿易摩擦的類型及其成因,最后提出中國應對貿易保護主義的策略:加強國內立法和執(zhí)法等措施。關鍵詞:貿易保護主義;演進;應對策略浙江萬里學院商學院 貿易保護主義演進及中國應對策略IIAbstractAccording to the development of the international trade history, the trade protectionism plays a significant role in each stage ranging from the free trade time, monopoly time to the economic globalization time. With looks back on the background and the theories of the legal system of the trade protection and collecting laws and regulations relating to the trade protection in the main countries,the legal characteristics and the implementing impact of the legal system of trade protection in different stages are analyzed. The theories of the legal system of the trade protection are from the mercantile system to the new protectionism. The trade protection policy is from pure trade protection to the free trade policy with trade protection. And the process of forms and scope of the system is also clear.The historical rule will grasp the reality and the future for us has laid the solid realistic foundation. The research on history, clearly recognizes the present situation, and has the very vital significance regarding to our country Government and the business munity. China Government and the enterprises must realize the reality of the existence of the trade protection system and discuss earnestly to deal with the trade protection system39。s measure. This thesis summarizes the historical process of trade protectionism and introduces the background of this theory. Based on that, the content and the methods of protectionism are concluded in detail. And then this dissertation analyzes the characteristics of the protectionism’s causes and development processes. Finally, the countermeasures of coping with the protectionism are given after introducing the trade friction encountered by China during the foreign trade.Keywords:Trade protectionism。 Evolution。 Strategy浙江萬里學院商學院 貿易保護主義演進及中國應對策略III目 錄1 緒論 ..............................................................................................................................................1 研究背景及意義 ............................................................................................................1 國內外研究現(xiàn)狀分析 ...................................................................................................2 國內現(xiàn)階段對貿易保護和貿易政策的研究 ..............................................2 貿易保護制度的演進階段 ..............................................................................3 關于應對貿易保護主義的措施研究 ............................................................4 研究的思路與方法 .......................................................................................................52 國際貿易保護政策的演進 .....................................................................................................7 資本原始積累時期:重商主義的貿易保護 .........................................................7 自由競爭資本主義時期:后起的資本主義國家的幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)保護論 ............8 亞歷山大漢密爾頓的貿易保護主義思想 ..............................................8 弗里德里希李斯特的保護幼稚工業(yè)思想 ..............................................9 資本主義壟斷時期:凱恩斯主義的新重商主義 ..............................................11 戰(zhàn)后世界貿易自由化傾向時期:發(fā)展中國家的貿易保護 ............................12 新貿易保護主義 ..........................................................................................................143 當代貿易保護措施的新特點 ..............................................................................................16 貿易保護措施被“濫用” .......................................................................................16 關稅措施的濫用 ..............................................................................................16 救濟措施濫用 ...................................................................................................16 產(chǎn)品標準濫用 ...................................................................................................16 匯率政策濫用 ...................................................................................................17 許可措施濫用 ...................................................................................................17 保護范圍的廣泛性 .....................................................................................................17 政府干預的主動性 .....................................................................................................17 保護手段更加多樣性 ................................................................................................18 保護方式更加區(qū)域性 ................................................................................................184 我國所遭遇主要的貿易爭端分析 .....................................................................................20 遭遇頻繁的反傾銷為主的貿易救濟訴訟 ............................................................20 遭遇技術性貿易壁壘 ................................................................................................21 知識產(chǎn)權爭端成為新的貿易壁壘 ..........................................................................22 遭遇“歧視性政府采購”的損害 ..........................................................................22浙江萬里學院商學院 貿易保護主義演進及中國應對策略IV 利用信息不對稱對中國產(chǎn)品“抹黑” ......