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★清華大學(xué)★英語(yǔ)系測(cè)試:為中小學(xué)生英語(yǔ)量身定做.官方網(wǎng)站:清華大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教授50年研究成果新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)1) leave的用法1.“l(fā)eave+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么時(shí)候離開上海的?2.“l(fā)eave for+地點(diǎn)”表示“動(dòng)身去某地”。例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,愛麗斯要去倫敦了。3.“l(fā)eave+地點(diǎn)+for+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開某地去某地”。例如: Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你為什么要離開上海去北京?2) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should“應(yīng)該”學(xué)會(huì)使用 should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用,常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等,有“竟會(huì)”的意思,例如: How should I know? 我怎么知道?Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什么來(lái)得這么晚? should有時(shí)表示應(yīng)當(dāng)做或發(fā)生的事,例如: We should help each 。我們?cè)谑褂脮r(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn):用于表示“應(yīng)該”或“不應(yīng)該”的概念。此時(shí)常指長(zhǎng)輩教導(dǎo)或責(zé)備晚輩。例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你應(yīng)該把手洗干凈了再來(lái)。 2. 用于提出意見勸導(dǎo)別人。例如: You should go to the doctor ifyou feel ill. 如果你感覺不舒服,你最好去看醫(yī)生。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現(xiàn)的考點(diǎn)之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我們?cè)谕盹埱熬湍艿搅恕? She should be here any moment. 她隨時(shí)都可能來(lái)。 3) What...?與Which...? 1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞,都可以指人或事物,但是what僅用來(lái)詢問職業(yè)。如: What is your father?你父親是干什么的? 該句相當(dāng)于: What does your father do? What is your father39。s job? Which 指代的是特定范圍內(nèi)的某一個(gè)人。如: Which is Peter?哪個(gè)是皮特? The boy behind Mary.瑪麗背后的那個(gè)男孩。What...? 是泛指,所指的事物沒有范圍的限制;而 Which...? 是特指,所指的事物有范圍的限制。如: What color do you like best?(所有顏色)你最喜愛什么顏色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? 你最喜愛哪一種顏色?(有特定的范圍) 3. what 與 which 后都可以接單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。如: Which pictures are from China? 哪些圖片來(lái)自中國(guó)?4) 頻度副詞的位置: always(總是,一直) usually(通常)often(常常,經(jīng)常) sometimes(有時(shí)候)never(從不) : 、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。如: David is often arrives late for ?! ? 。如: We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天經(jīng)常在7:10去上學(xué)。 ,用來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。如: Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike. 有時(shí)我步行回家,有時(shí)我騎自行車。 ,主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要倒裝。如: Never have I been 。5) everyday與everyday 1. every day 作狀語(yǔ),譯為“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我們每天7:10去上學(xué)。 I decide to read English every day. 我決定每天讀英語(yǔ)。 2. everyday 作定語(yǔ),譯為“日常的”?! he watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚飯后在電視上看日常英語(yǔ)。 What39。s your everyday activity? 你的日?;顒?dòng)是什么?6) 什么是助動(dòng)詞(Auxiliary Verb)。被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~(Main Verb)。助動(dòng)詞自身沒有詞義,不可單獨(dú)使用,例如:He doesn39。t like English. 他不喜歡英語(yǔ)?! 。╠oesn39。t是助動(dòng)詞,無(wú)詞義;like是主要?jiǎng)釉~,有詞義),可以用來(lái): a. 表示時(shí)態(tài),例如: He is singing. 他在唱歌?! e has got married. 他已結(jié)婚。 b. 表示語(yǔ)態(tài),例如: He was sent to England. 他被派往英國(guó)?! ?c. 構(gòu)成疑問句,例如: Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學(xué)生活嗎? Did you study English before you came here?你來(lái)這兒之前學(xué)過英語(yǔ)嗎?d. 與否定副詞not合用,構(gòu)成否定句,例如: I don39。t like him. 我不喜歡他。e. 加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,例如: Do e to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來(lái)參加晚會(huì)?! e did know that. 他的確知道那件事。:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would7) forgetdoing/todo與rememberdoing/todo to do忘記要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘記做過某事(已做) The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 辦公室的燈還在亮著,它忘記關(guān)了。(沒有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。( 已做過關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作) Don39。t forget to e tomorrow. 別忘了明天來(lái)。(to e動(dòng)作未做) 典型例題 The light in the office is still on. Oh,I forgot___. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 答案:C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著,即關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作沒有發(fā)生,因此用forget to do doing sth 表示燈已經(jīng)關(guān)上了,而自己忘記了這一事實(shí)。此處不符合題意。 to do記得去做某事(未做);remember doing記得做過某事(已做) Remember to go to the post office after school.記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。Don39。t you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個(gè)人嗎?8) It39。sforIt39。sofsb. sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特點(diǎn),表示客觀形式的形容詞,如:easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等: It39。s very hard for him to study two languages. 對(duì)他來(lái)說學(xué)兩門外語(yǔ)是很難的。 sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞,如:good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right?! ?It39。s very nice of you to help me. 你來(lái)幫助我,你真是太好了。 與of 的辨別方法:用介詞后面的代詞作主語(yǔ),用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語(yǔ),造個(gè)句子。如果道理上通順用of,不通則用for。如: You are nice. (通順,所以應(yīng)用of)。 He is hard. (人是困難的,不通,因此應(yīng)用for。)9) 對(duì)兩個(gè)句子的提問新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)在命題中有將對(duì)句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢(shì),現(xiàn)在采取的作法是對(duì)一個(gè)句子進(jìn)行自由提問。例如: 句子:The boy in blue has three pens. 提問:1. Who has three pens? 2. Which boy has three pens? 3. What does the boy in blue have? 4. How many pens does the boy in blue have? 很顯然,學(xué)生多了更多的回答角度,也體現(xiàn)了考試的靈活性。再如: 句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提問:1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? 2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? 3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?