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電動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速測定及數(shù)據(jù)顯示系統(tǒng)設(shè)計畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文word格式(已修改)

2025-01-25 14:16 本頁面
 

【正文】 摘 要在電子時代的今天,電動機(jī)在工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人們的日常生活中起著非常重要的作用。直流電機(jī)是最常見的一種電機(jī),具有優(yōu)良的機(jī)械性能,調(diào)速范圍寬,起動性能好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),控制電路簡單,所以在社會各個領(lǐng)域中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。在工程實(shí)踐中,經(jīng)常會遇到各種需要測量轉(zhuǎn)速的場合,轉(zhuǎn)速測量方法有模擬測量和數(shù)字測量兩種。模擬測速發(fā)電機(jī)的檢測元件,信號是模擬量。數(shù)字測量通常采用光電編碼器,霍爾和其他成分的檢測元件,該信號是一個脈沖信號。隨著計算機(jī)的廣泛應(yīng)用,特別是高性能價格比的單片機(jī)的出現(xiàn),測量速度通常是采用以單片機(jī)為核心的數(shù)字測量方法。本設(shè)計以單片機(jī)為核心設(shè)計了電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速測量和數(shù)據(jù)顯示系統(tǒng),要求速度范圍在0 3000r /min的直流電機(jī)和交流變頻調(diào)速電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速測量和顯示,數(shù)據(jù)顯示精度達(dá)到個位數(shù),具有上,下限報警。本設(shè)計使用5V直流電機(jī),將霍爾傳感器產(chǎn)生的脈沖信號輸入到單片機(jī)外部中斷0口,單片機(jī)的內(nèi)部定時器模式0,對周期信號進(jìn)行計數(shù),調(diào)用計算公式計算速度。調(diào)用顯示程序在LED上,其主要內(nèi)容是單片機(jī)部分主要完成轉(zhuǎn)速的測量,LED部分顯示,顯示的范圍在03000r /min。系統(tǒng)主要功能是:STC89C52單片機(jī)接受霍爾傳感器傳來的脈沖信號,單片機(jī)根據(jù)外部中斷,以及內(nèi)部定時器進(jìn)行計數(shù)計算出電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速送到LED并顯示。外部裝有蜂鳴器電路,在超速或低速都會停止電動機(jī),蜂鳴器發(fā)音,顯示器不顯示。關(guān)鍵詞:直流電機(jī) 單片機(jī) 轉(zhuǎn)速控制 數(shù)據(jù)顯示 AbstractIn the electronic age today, electric motors in the industrial and agricultural production and people39。s daily life plays a very important role. DC motor is the most mon one kind of electrical machinery, has excellent mechanical performance, wide range of speed, starting the advantages of good performance, simple control circuit, so in all social fields has been widely used.In engineering practice, often meet various needs of occasions measuring the rotation speed, speed measurement method of simulation measurement and digital measurement of two. Analog tacho generator detecting element, signal is analog quantity. Digital measurement usually uses photoelectric coder, Holzer and other ponents of the detection element, the signal is a pulse signal. With the wide application of the puter, especially the high ratio of performance to price the appearance of single chip microputer, measuring speed is usually used to MCU as the core of digital measuring method.The design of singlechip microputer as the core design of the motor speed measurement and data display system, the speed in the range of 0 3000r / min DC motor and AC motor variable frequency speed regulating motor speed measurement and display, data display accuracy of a digit, has, the lower limit alarm. The design of 5V DC motor, will Holzer sensor generates a pulse signal input to the microcontroller external interrupt 0export, SCM internal timer mode 0, the periodic signals are counted, calling the putation speed. Call display program in LED, its main content is a single part mainly pletes the speed measurement, the LED portion of the display, display range in 03000r / min.The main functions of the system are: STC89C52microcontroller to accept Holzer sensor from the pulse signal, the MCU according to the external interrupt, and the internal timer count calculate the motor speed to LED and display. With the external buzzer circuit, in speeding or low speed will stop motor, a buzzer sounds, the display does not show.Key words: DC motor speed control data display MCU1. 緒論電子技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展,促使直流電機(jī)一步一步從模擬向數(shù)字過渡,尤其是單片機(jī)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用,使直流電機(jī)調(diào)速技術(shù)進(jìn)入到一個新的階段。單片機(jī)的英文名稱是Micro Controller unit,縮寫為MCU,又稱為微控制器,它是一種面向控制的大規(guī)模集成電路芯片。它具有功能強(qiáng)、體積小、可靠性高、應(yīng)用簡單靈活,因而使用非常廣泛,有力地推動各行業(yè)的技術(shù)發(fā)展和更新?lián)Q代。直流電動機(jī)早期的控制是以模擬電路為基礎(chǔ),采用運(yùn)算放大器,非線性集成電路和少量的數(shù)字電路來實(shí)現(xiàn),控制系統(tǒng)的硬件部分非常復(fù)雜,功能單一,而且系統(tǒng)非常不靈活,調(diào)試?yán)щy。隨著單片機(jī)技術(shù)的迅速變化,使得許多控制功能及算法可以用來完成,用于直流電機(jī)控制提供了更多的靈活性,并使系統(tǒng)達(dá)到較高的性能。在傳統(tǒng)的制造業(yè),將永遠(yuǎn)是一個需要速度測量場合和表明其速度和瞬時速度。在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程,以達(dá)到各種生產(chǎn)過程,需要各種生產(chǎn)機(jī)械,拖動各種生產(chǎn)機(jī)器,可采用氣動,液壓傳動與電氣傳動。由于電力驅(qū)動控制簡單,調(diào)節(jié)性能好,損耗小,經(jīng)濟(jì)。實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程控制等一系列優(yōu)點(diǎn),所以大多數(shù)機(jī)器使用電力驅(qū)動。根據(jù)不同類型的電機(jī),電機(jī)驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)分為直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動和交流電機(jī)驅(qū)動。直流電動機(jī)作為執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)廣泛地應(yīng)用于各種控制系統(tǒng),驅(qū)動和電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速可穩(wěn)定工作的關(guān)鍵是正確。為此,提出了一種直流電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速測量系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方法。利用電子信息技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè),可以提高生產(chǎn)
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