【正文】 華北科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） I 中心單鏈?zhǔn)焦伟遢斔蜋C(jī)振動(dòng)與噪聲的有限元分析 摘要： 刮板輸送機(jī)是一種以撓性體作為牽引機(jī)構(gòu)的連續(xù)動(dòng)作式運(yùn)輸機(jī)械，它主要用于采煤工作面或順槽等其他場(chǎng)所。由于刮板輸送機(jī)特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作環(huán)境，以及對(duì)刮板在運(yùn)輸過程中的特殊要求，使得刮板與溜槽之間的摩擦在所難免，成為刮板輸送機(jī)噪聲污染的主要來源。計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展使得有限元方法在降噪研究領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用，但是由于工作環(huán)境的特殊性和所受載荷的復(fù)雜性，為了簡(jiǎn)單而有效地利用有限元方法預(yù)測(cè)刮板輸送系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)和噪聲，我們常常采用模態(tài)分析的方法。 本文首先介紹了有限元的思想和有限 元分析的幾種常用軟件，然后以國產(chǎn)SGD630/264 中心單鏈?zhǔn)焦伟遢斔蜋C(jī)為例，取 其在實(shí)際 工況下的一段溜槽為研究對(duì)象建立有限元模型，對(duì)模態(tài)分析方法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究。 首先，利用三維建模軟件 Pro/e 建立了刮板傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的有限元模型，總結(jié)了傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)計(jì)算模型的簡(jiǎn)化方法。選擇單元類型并將簡(jiǎn)化后的模型進(jìn)行智能網(wǎng)格劃分。其次，對(duì)刮板復(fù)雜的受力環(huán)境進(jìn)行了分析，并提出對(duì)刮板傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析的方案。然后，通過大型有限元分析軟件 ANSYS 對(duì) SGD630/264 進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析計(jì)算，得出傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 主要部件 前二十階的固有頻率和振型 。最后，對(duì) 計(jì)算 結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析，分析刮板傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)噪聲的主要發(fā)生源。 根據(jù)分析結(jié)果， 發(fā)現(xiàn) 刮板傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中溜槽的動(dòng)剛度不足 是造成刮板輸送機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲的主要原因 。希望 通過 改變 溜槽 厚度的方法來降低振動(dòng)噪聲發(fā)生的概率。將 改進(jìn) 后的模型導(dǎo)入 ANSYS 中，重新進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析，結(jié)果顯示固有頻率有所升高，在理論上減少了振動(dòng)噪聲發(fā)生的概率，但是這種降低振動(dòng)噪聲的方法 還 有待通過實(shí)驗(yàn)鑒定。 本文的工作主要在于用模態(tài)分析的方法分析刮板輸送機(jī)振動(dòng)噪聲的發(fā)生源，這種方法為機(jī)械設(shè)備中相互耦合的部件之間的振動(dòng)噪聲的檢測(cè)，提供了一種可以借鑒的降低振動(dòng) 噪聲的方法。 關(guān)鍵詞： 刮板輸送機(jī)；振動(dòng)與噪聲；模態(tài)分析；有限元 ；固有頻率；溜槽；結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn) 中心單鏈?zhǔn)焦伟遢斔蜋C(jī)振動(dòng)與噪聲的有限元分析 II The Finite Element Analysis of Vibration and Noise of Central Single Chain Scraper Conveyor ABSTRACT： The scraper conveyor is a kind of flexible body as a traction mechanism of continuous motive type transport machinery。 it is mainly used in coal mining working face or gateway, and other places. Because of the scraper conveyor’s special structure and working environment and the special requirements of the scrapers during transportation, make the friction between the scrapers and the chute is inevitable, what bees the main source of noise pollution of a scraper conveyor. The rapid development of puter technology makes the finite element method (FEM) be widely applied in the field of noise reduction research, but because of the particularity of working environment and the plexity of load, in order to use the finite element method to predict the vibration and noise of the scraper conveyor system simply and effectively, we often adopt the method of modal analysis. This article first introduces the idea of finite element and several kinds of monly used software of finite element analysis, and then to a domestic SGD 630/264 central single chain scraper conveyor as an example. The author takes a part of the chute as the research object and establishes the finite element model。 the modal analysis method has been carried on the detailed research. First of all, the author uses the 3D modeling software Pro/e to establish the finite element model of the scraper transmission system, and summarizes the simplified method of the transmission system calculation model. Select the unit type and take the simplified model for smart grid. Secondly, analyzes the scraper plex stress environment, and puts forward the schemes of the modal analysis to carry out the scraper transmission system solutions. Then, begins the modal analysis of SGD 630/264 by the largescale finite element analysis software ANSYS, it is concluded that the transmission system of the top 20 order natural frequency and vibration mode. Finally, analyses the results of the first ten orders for the main placing signage of vibration and noise of the scraper transmission system. According to the analysis result, the dynamic stiffness of the scraper chute is poor. Hope to take the method of changing the thickness of the chute to reduce the incidence of the 華北科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） III vibration noise. Import the optimized model into ANSYS, a new modal analysis, the result shows that the natural frequency are increased, reducing the incidence of the vibration noise in theory, but this method of reducing the vibration noise needs to be identified through the experiments. The work of this paper lies in using modal analysis method to analyze the placing signage of the vibration noise of the scraper conveyor. The method can provide a reference method of the detection to reduce the vibration noise of the mutual coupling between ponents in mechanical equipment. Key words: Scraper Conveyor； Vibration and Noise； The Modal Analysis； The Finite Element； Natural Frequency； The Chute； Structural Improvement 中心單鏈?zhǔn)焦伟遢斔蜋C(jī)振動(dòng)與噪聲的有限元分析 IV 目錄 第 1 章 緒 論 .......................................................................................................................... 1 課題研究背景和意義 .................................................................................................. 1 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ...................................................................................................................... 2 刮板輸送機(jī) ........................................................................................................ 2 機(jī)械振動(dòng)與噪聲的分析方法和控制方法 ........................................................ 5 噪聲與振動(dòng)控制工程學(xué)的國內(nèi)外發(fā)展?fàn)顩r .................................................... 7 有限元法在機(jī)械振動(dòng)與噪聲分析中的應(yīng)用 .................................................... 9 本課題研究的內(nèi)容 .................................................................................................... 10 第 2 章 有限元法和 ANSYS 的基本功能與應(yīng)用 ................................................................. 11 有限元法的基本理論 ................................................................................................ 11 有限元法的分析過程 ...................................................................................... 11 有限元法的程序?qū)崿F(xiàn) ...................................................................................... 13 通用有限元分析軟件 ................................................................................................ 14 前后處理器主要軟件 ...................................................................................... 15 求解 器主要軟件 .............................................................................................. 16 ANSYS 的主要分析功能 ........................................................................................... 16 ANSYS 分析的一般流程 ...............................................................................