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1 19;32533分類(lèi)號(hào)UDC0 位 論 文 添加劑對(duì)燃煤高溫固硫的促進(jìn)作用研究作者姓名:張威指導(dǎo)教師:王梅副教授東北大學(xué)材料與冶金學(xué)院申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士 學(xué)科類(lèi)別: 工學(xué)學(xué)科專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱:環(huán)境科學(xué)論文提交日期:2007年12月 論文答辯日期:2008年3月1日學(xué)位授予日期:答懶會(huì)主席:互絮.評(píng)閱人:毳毛.鄂確東北大學(xué)2008年2月 0 A Dissertation in Environmental Science [』!I$IHilllJIl|lPinl|lIIH II|JllllllIJlIIll[1IIIlIll Y1 843033Research on Stimulative Effect of Additives onSulfurretention at High Temperature during Coal CombustionBy Zhang WeiSupervisor:Wang Mei,Associate ProfessorNortheastern UniversityFebrary 2008I.一本人聲明,所呈交的學(xué)位論文是在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下完成的。論文中取得0 的研究成果除加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外,不包含其他人己經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫(xiě)過(guò) ’ 的研究成果,也不包括本人為獲得其他學(xué)位而使用過(guò)的材料。與我一同工作的同志對(duì)本研究所做的任何貢獻(xiàn)均已在論文中作了明確的說(shuō)明并表示謝二6二, 思0學(xué)位論文作者簽名:積域日期:槲湖淑學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書(shū)本學(xué)位論文作者和指導(dǎo)教師完全了解東北大學(xué)有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定:即學(xué)校有權(quán)保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門(mén)或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和磁盤(pán),允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人同意東北大學(xué)可以將學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行檢索、交流。(如作者和導(dǎo)師不同意網(wǎng)上交流,請(qǐng)?jiān)谙路胶灻环駝t視為同意。)學(xué)位論文作者簽名: 導(dǎo)師簽名:簽字日期: 簽字日期:t●{. ●●’.● 東北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 摘要添加劑對(duì)燃煤高溫固硫的促進(jìn)作用研究0 要 煤炭是我國(guó)分布最廣、儲(chǔ)量和消費(fèi)最多的一次能源,解決燃煤污染問(wèn)題,特別是降低S02的排放,已成為我國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展所面臨的重要問(wèn)題。煤的脫硫技術(shù)可分為三類(lèi):燃燒前燃料除硫,燃燒中固硫和燃燒后煙氣脫硫。采用燃煤固硫劑的爐內(nèi)固硫技術(shù),因其脫硫投資少,運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)成本低,工藝簡(jiǎn)單,十分適合我國(guó)的國(guó)情。然而燃煤固硫過(guò)程中單純使用鈣基固硫劑存在鈣的利用率低、固硫反應(yīng)速率與硫析出速率不一致、固硫產(chǎn)物在高溫下易分解等缺點(diǎn),導(dǎo)致高溫固硫效率普遍偏低。近年來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者研究發(fā)現(xiàn)微量添加劑的加入能有效提高鈣基固硫劑的利用率,進(jìn)而大大提高高溫下的固硫效率,因此篩選高效廉價(jià)的添加劑成為燃煤高溫固硫研究的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。本文在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下,利用管式電爐模擬煤的燃燒過(guò)程,通過(guò)中和法測(cè)定煙氣中硫含量,再根據(jù)煤中含硫量計(jì)算出固硫率。在優(yōu)化燃煤固硫條件的基礎(chǔ)上,較為系統(tǒng)地研究了1100C高溫條件下單組分、雙組分和三組分復(fù)合添加劑對(duì)燃煤固硫作用的影響。 在影響燃煤固硫效率的眾多因素中,本文重點(diǎn)研究了將溫度設(shè)定為1 100C時(shí)Ca/S(鈣硫摩爾比)、煤的含硫量、停留時(shí)間、煤粉粒徑這四個(gè)因素對(duì)燃煤固硫效率的影響, 確定出了最佳的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件。在此基礎(chǔ)上選擇Ca/S、固硫劑類(lèi)型、添加劑種類(lèi)和添加劑的 加入量等四個(gè)因素,進(jìn)行了固硫正交實(shí)驗(yàn),研究結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)Ca/S為2.0,以按質(zhì)量比 為23混合的CaC03.Ca(OH)2復(fù)合固硫劑作為主固硫劑,固硫添加劑的加入量定為煤樣 質(zhì)量的1.O%時(shí),固硫效果最好。在已確定出的上述固硫添加劑最佳固硫條件下,選用了8種常見(jiàn)的添加劑進(jìn)行單組分固硫添加劑的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,比較了各單組分添加劑對(duì)固硫反應(yīng)促進(jìn)作用的強(qiáng)弱。在單組分實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)分別以KEC0Si0A1203為主固硫添加劑的共3組16種雙組分復(fù)合添加劑進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。研究結(jié)果表明:K2C03分別與NaCl、Fe203按摩爾比為0.2 配比混合: Si02與Fe203按摩爾比為1.0,與K2C03按摩爾比為10.0配比混合;A1203 與NaCl按摩爾比為5.O,與ZnO按摩爾比為1.0配比混合時(shí)固硫率都較高,均在50% 以上。在以上實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)固硫反應(yīng)速率與硫氧化合物生成不同步和CaO利用率II 東北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 摘要低等影響固硫效率的主要因素,再結(jié)合各種添加劑在固硫反應(yīng)中所起的不同作用,對(duì)三組分復(fù)合添加劑進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。通過(guò)對(duì)按不同比例混合配制的三種復(fù)合添加劑進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)三組分復(fù)合固硫添加劑能使所選煤種固硫效率達(dá)到65%以上。為了進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證所配比的三組分復(fù)合添加劑的促進(jìn)固硫作用,在馬弗爐上對(duì)加入復(fù)合添加劑的三種煤樣進(jìn)行了不同高溫條件下的深入實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,結(jié)果表明K2C03.Fe203.Si0 Si02.KEC03NaCl、ZnO.A1203NaCl復(fù)合添加劑在l 100~1200。C高溫條件下對(duì)燃煤固硫 反應(yīng)均具有很好的促進(jìn)作用。對(duì)部分灰渣固硫產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了XRD物相分析,探討了各添 加劑促進(jìn)固硫作用的機(jī)理。關(guān)鍵詞:二氧化硫;燃煤固硫;固硫劑;添加劑;高溫?1..III..Research on Stimulative Effect ofAdditives on Sulfurretention atHigh Temperature during Coal Combustion~ Ab stractI0 Coal is a primary energy resource of the widest distribution,richest reserves and largest consumption in China.It has bee all important issue for sustainable development to solvethe pollution problems caused by coal bustion,especially to reduce sulfur dioxide emission.In general,there are three categories of coal desulfuration technologies including fuel.desulfuration before bustion, sulfurretention during bustion andfume.desulfuration after bustion.Due to its less investment,low operationcost and simple process,the technology of sulfurretention using sorbent in the furnace is suitable tothe condition of China.However,there are shortings in the technology usingcalcium.based sorbent singly,such as low utilization percent of calcium,inconsistent ratebetween sulfurretention reaction and sulfur emission,deposition of the production at11igh temperature,which all lead to low sulfurretention efficiency.Recently scholars havediscovered that the addition of small quantity additives Can increase the utilization rate ofcalcium sorbent and promote the sulfurretention rate at high temperature greatly.So it has bee a key problem to select cheap and effective additives for the research of sulfurretention during coal bustion at high temperature.In this paper,the process of coal bustion was simulated in all electric tube furnace,the sulfur content in the fume wasdeterminedbyneutralizationmethod and thenthesulfur.retentionrate was calculatedaccordingtoit.Based ontheoptimizationof、I’,』■sulfurretentionconditions,the effectOil the sulfurretention duringcoalbustion werestudied of unitary,binary and ternary additives respectively at the temperature of 1 I 00。Csystematically.Among the various factor influencing sulfurretention efficiency,temperature were fixedat l l 00。C and the other four factors Ca/S molar ratio,sulfur content,retaining time,size ofcoal particle were considered in the experiment to explore the optimum experimental.Ⅳ. 東北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 Abstractcondition.Based on the condition,Ca/S molar ratio,characteristic of capture sorbents,kinds of additive and quantity of additive were selected as four factors to do the orthogonal experiment and the result indicated that when the Ca/S mol ratio is 2,CaC03c“oH)2pound sorbent mixed by 2:3 quantitatively is main sorbent and the total addictive quantity 一 is 1.0%of coal.the maximum value of sulfurretention efficiency is obtained. l Under the determinate optimum condition of sulfurretention additive,the additive effect●of 8 different singlepositionwas investigated byparing the sulfurretentionefficiency.Based on the resultsof singlepositionadditive experiment,1 6 kindsdoubleposition additive of whi